Recap: In Synchronous Session 1, we discussed your final project to create a community intervention proposal. This assignment is the first step in building this proposal. During the next three modules, you will create the introduction to the proposal: an introduction to the social issue and the literature review. 

Resources:

Video:

Wordvice Editing Service. (2018, May 21). How to Write a Literature Review. Retrieved from

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ny_EUJXHHs&t=13s

1 mass media article

2 scholarly articles

the worksheet

Before you begin with Step 1 of the literature review process. Watch the video, “How to Write a Literature Review,” which will help you understand the purpose and the process.

Worksheet: Building the Introduction to Your Community Intervention Worksheet, Steps 1-3.

Step 1 in this assignment is to write two paragraphs describing your chosen social issue for your community intervention proposal and explaining its importance to society. Start with Discussion 2, what you wrote about the social issue of your choice, and what your classmates responded to you. 

• What is the social issue to be addressed?
• Why should we care about it? 

Take what you wrote in Discussion 2 and make any revisions necessary to expand and improve it. Type these paragraphs directly on the worksheet provided.

 Step 2 is the beginning of your exploration of research that has been conducted on the social issue. You’re building a literature review that provides the background of the social issue. In this step, you’ll choose three articles from the literature.

1 mass media article + 2 scholarly journal articles

• One of these is a mass media article, one from a newspaper, a magazine, or an online source. This article provides a current perspective on the social issue. 
• You then choose two additional articles from scholarly journals, a list of which is provided in course resources. Choose your articles carefully. You may need to review several before you find three strong ones for your purposes. 
• List your articles directly on the worksheet. Use APA formatting for these three references. Keep them in alphabetical order.
  • Example of a reference entry:

Moritsugu, J., Vera, E., Wong, F. Y., & Duffy, K. G. (2019). Introduction to Community Psychology. In Community Psychology. London, England: Routledge.

Step 3 in this assignment is to begin organizing your literature review, which you’ll finish in Module 3. On the worksheet,

• first list the key terms from each scholarly article under the reference entries. Example of reference entry with key words: 
  • Moritsugu, J., Vera, E., Wong, F. Y., & Duffy, K. G. (2019). Introduction to Community Psychology. In Community Psychology. London, England: Routledge.

historical context, fundamental principles, ecological foundations, prevention and promotion, social justice and empowerment, interdisciplinary

• After reading each article carefully, include bullet-point notes for each. Place them under the reference entry and key terms. Be sure you capture the most important information. The key words will help you focus on this. Example of a bullet-point note with an in-text citation:
• Community psychology is the study of individuals in context and the practice of working with communities on solutions to social issues that affect them (Moritsugu, Vera, Wong, & Duffy, 2019).
• After each note, put the citation for that article. 
  • You’ll notice that you will be repeating citations. If you have four bullet-point notes, for example, you have 4 citations from that article. It may seem redundant, but you’ll need the repeated citations when you cut and paste your notes to organize the literature review in Step 4. 
• After you include these bullet point-notes, add one or two bullet points with your own critique/synthesis of the article content (your commentary for each article). This is very important as a literature review is more than a summary of sources.

With the completion of Assignment 1, you have set up your worksheet, an efficient way to create your literature review. You’ve:

1. identified 3 of the 6 sources, which provide background and research on the social issue you’ve chosen to focus on for your course project, that you’ll use for the introduction to your paper,
2. logged each reference according to APA style, 
3. placed the key terms for each source under the reference entry, 
4. created bullet-pointed notes for the most important information from each source and placed them under the reference entry and key terms,
5. placed an in-text citation after each bullet-pointed note, and 
6. created one or two bullet points with your own commentary on/critique of the sources, placing these under the bullet-point notes of information from the sources.

You’ve started your review of the research, set up your worksheet, and documented your findings. You’ve accomplished some important work! Kudos!

The last paper of the course is a final product represents an authentic  demonstration competency, because it allows you to reflect on what you learned in this course and apply it to your life and future career.  To successfully complete this project, you will be expected to apply what you have learned in this course and should include several of  the following course objectives:

 1. Define and explain basic Industrial/Organizational Psychology terms and concepts 

2. Demonstrate knowledge and application of major concepts and theoretical perspectives as well as historical and future trends in I/O Psychology 

3. Apply an understanding of ethical codes of behavior as they relate to the field of I/OPsychology 

4. Demonstrate an understanding of research methodology as it relates to I/O Psychology 

5. Use critical and creative thinking as well as skeptical inquiry to address issues related to the field of I/OPsychology 

6. Demonstrate critical thinking skills through detection of correct and faulty applications of I/O psychological principles and theories.

 Main Elements Should be about Diversity

Should Cover

 1. Background/situation of your selected topic 

2. Key subtopics

 3. Method of research 

4. Findings/results 

5. Discussion (including your views, opinions, andobservations) 

6. Closing comments** 

7. References 

 **Also make sure to answer the following questions in the closing comments of your paper:

 What did you learn from your research? 

How does this new knowledge change your perceptions of Industrial/Organizational Psychology? 

How can you use what you have learned in your personal life and/or work life? 

Below is the template provided:

  

Leadership and Motivation

Here is where you should write a brief paragraph introducing me to your paper.

Literature Review

Here is where you should evaluate and offer an in-depth summation of your journal articles and use sources. Minimum of 3 peer-reviewed articles. Minimum of 3 paragraphs for each article telling me about your chosen articles. Either at the end or the beginning of your literature review, you well give us and define key terms.

Subtopics. Leadership style, job satisfaction and motivation (these are common themes to your subject)

Leadership Style. For the purpose of this paper leadership style is defined as …(Source)

Job Satisfaction. Job satisfaction simply means…(Source)

Motivation. Motivation is defined as …(Source)

One study by Boerma et al. (2017) argued both sides of this scenario.  In the point for leaders are born, they reviewed numerous studies around identical and fraternal twins to evaluate both genetic and environmental influences on leadership.  A majority of these studies showed moderate genetic contributions for leadership traits up to 30%.  According to Boerma et al. (2017), the evidence consistently showed a genetic component to leadership.  Boerma et al. (2017) go on to argue the opposing point, stating the idea that people are born leaders should not be supported because of 3 main rationales.

Methods

This is not made up by you. This is what you found based on your journal articles. The Renko et al., study was multilevel in nature, consisting of 281 employees nested within 59 departments. Measures For all measures, the participants rated items using a five-point Likert scale where 1 = “strongly disagree” and 5 = “strongly agree.” The first survey consisted of studying leadership. Hanna (2019) used a survey to determine….What did your journal articles uses as a method to explore your topic.

Entrepreneurial leadership. The subordinates rated the entrepreneurial leadership behavior of their department head using the eight-item scale developed by Renko et al. (2015). Sample items include “My supervisor has creative solutions to problems” and “My supervisor challenges and pushes me to act in a more innovative way.” Sample items include “The work I do is very important to me” (meaning), “I am confident about my ability to do my job” (competence), “I have signifi cant autonomy in determining how I do my job” (self-determination), and “My impact on what happens in my department is large” (impact). Th e Cronbach ’ s alpha for each of the subscales was .90 (meaning), .75 (competence), .79 (self-determination), and .92 (impact).

Results

Again, it’s hard to have results (from your journal articles), if you did not have methods section. This where you describe the outcomes of research-what did the various researchers find?

Boerma et al. (2017) concluded that leaders most likely arise from a combination of genetics, as well as development through training and life experience.  Interestingly, each group member provided their brief opinion on this topic (table 1. Below).  The group who believes leaders are born follow a consistent theme that certain innate traits are needed in order to develop into an outstanding leader.  Conversely, the opposing group who support the idea leaders are made shared a consistent theme that training, hard work and experience is what makes leaders great.  Based on these results, Boerma et al. (2017) unsurprisingly note the answer is likely not just one viewpoint or the other but a combination of both. 

Discussion

Various researchers looked at motivation and leadership. Common themes between the research were… While most agree that … some stated …. To start, numerous studies have been done to identify and describe the traits and characteristics all leaders share. This research would lead one to believe that a combination or mix of certain traits must be present for someone to be a good leader. 

Conclusion

Understanding what motivates and drives people to behavior in a certain way can be beneficial to how you interact with peers on the job. Much like personalities, motivation can stem from different backgrounds, environment and expectations. There are internal and external factors that contribute to what motivates someone for example to have a good work ethic or go above and beyond to help. Having the knowledge to identify motivating factors and…

The purpose of the assignment is to develop skills associated with selecting and applying methods for data collection, qualitative data analysis, stationary and time series data analysis and hypothesis testing.

Note: Part A and E are common to all Research Approaches. Use only the relevant parts to your research method from Part B to Part D.

A. Data collection

Identify the sources that will offer the information that you need to answer the research question (journals, books, internet resources, government documents, people, etc).

1. What data do you plan to acquire to answer your research question? Why? What kinds of instruments, variables, materials, or sources will you use (i.e. will you use observations, surveys, interviews, case studies, focus groups, experiments, documents, media, data base searches, etc.)? If you plan to use mixed methods, will they be sequential, concurrent or transformative? Why?

2. List the kinds of data/information that you plan to collect (e.g. testimonials, statistics, business/government reports, other research data, audio/video recordings, etc.). Also, consider two or three alternative ways you could gather data/information for this research.

3. If you plan to use research participants, where will they come from? How will they be sampled? How many participants will you require? If you are not using research participants, who will you use as the target audience of your data? Who would most benefit from your research, and why?

4. Business research topics relate to events that develop in time.

• Explain how would you acquire a snapshot of data relevant to your research question. Within the snapshot, the data become effectively stationary.

• Consider the evolution of data with time. How would you acquire the time series data relevant to your research question?

5. What ethical issues will your research project present? What biases might you bring to the research and how will you address that bias?

B. Analysis of stationary data

1. What method will you choose to analyze the stationary data that you plan to collect?

2. Has this method of data analysis been applied in similar situations by other authors? Include references and illustrations from the literature to show the advantages and disadvantages of the method.

3. Annex a worked out example of application of the method using simulated or previously published data.

4. How will you validate your findings/conclusions?

C. Testing hypotheses

1. State you hypotheses.

2. Explain whether your hypotheses will be tested using frequentist or Bayesian approach, and justify the choice.

3. Have similar hypotheses been tested by other authors? Include references and illustrations from the literature.

4. Annex a worked out example of hypothesis testing using simulated or previously published data.

D. Analysis and forecasting of time series

1. What method will you choose to analyze and forecast the time series data that you plan to collect?

2. Have these methods of data analysis and forecasting been applied in similar situations by other authors? Include references and illustrations from the literature to show their advantages and disadvantages.

3. Annex a worked out examples of analysis and forecasting using simulated or previously published data.

4. How will you validate your findings/conclusions?

E. Timetable and Budget

1. Provide a plan (timetable) of the major research activities (on weekly or monthly basis)

2. Provide a budget estimate for all eligible expenses of the proposed research

Part 1 – Microsoft Access

View Glossary

Use Access to create a database in which you can store and retrieve information about the Rio Salado Theme Park operating departments, their managers, and their employees.

1. Create a new blank database.
2. Save the database with the filename RSC_Theme_Park_Database_MEID.accdb. Replace “MEID” with your actual MEID.

Structure of the Database 

NOTE: Read the requirements for the database and be sure you understand how it should work before creating your design.

You will need to complete the following:

• Create two tables.
• Establish table relationships.
• Create one form.
• Create two queries.
• Create one report.

As you work on the project, remember to follow best practices for creating databases as described in your TestOut materials and the online lesson content.

Create the Tables

Tables and their relationships form the backbone of a relational database. In this database, you will create a table for the Rio Salado Theme Park operating departments and their managers, and a table for employees in each department. When creating fields for your tables, it is important to break down your data into the smallest chunks you can (fine granularity) to make it easier to extract data from the database later. Remember to assign the most appropriate data type to each of the fields and that one of the fields in each of your tables must be set as the Primary Key using the AutoNumber data type. You do not need to enter data records into your tables at this time; you will create a form later in this project for data entry.

Department Table

Create a table named Department Table. At a minimum, your table should include the following fields:

• Department ID
• Department Name
• Manager First Name
• Manager Last Name
• Manager Email Address
• Manager Phone Number

Employee Table

Create a table named Employee Table. At a minimum, your table should include the following fields:

• Employee ID
• Department ID
• Employee First Name
• Employee Last Name
• Employee Date of Hire
• Employee Rate of Pay

Establish Table Relationships

Once the design of the tables has been completed, the next step is to establish relationships between the tables. You will join the Department Table with the Employee Table on common fields through the following tasks:

1. Join the primary key of the Department Table with the foreign key of the Employee Table in a One-To-Many relationship.
2. Enforce referential integrity.
3. Cascade update related fields.
4. Cascade delete related records.

Create a Form

Once the tables have been designed and the relationships have been established, it is time to enter data. You will use one form to enter and edit data in the two tables:

1. Create one form named Department Form that can be used to enter data into both tables.
2. Insert a row below the Employee Table subform. Add a button in the new row to perform the Add New Record action with the text: Add Record.
3. Use the form to enter a minimum of four departments (e.g., Concessions, Rides, Business Office, Guest Services) and a minimum of four employees for each department. Include your name as one of the employees in the Business Office department.
4. Apply the Retrospect theme to the form.

Create a Query

The ability to extract data from one or more tables is one of the most important functions provided by a database. You will now design, save, and run a query to show only the employees in the rides department by following these tasks:

1. Create a query named Ride Employees Query based upon the Employee Table.
2. Include the Employee First Name, Employee Last Name, and Department ID fields.
3. Use a Number Criteria for the Department ID field to select only the employees in the Rides Department.
4. Hide the Department ID field.
5. Save and run the query.

Create a Query

Next, you will design, save, and run a query to show the number of employees per department:

1. Create a query named Number of Employees Query based upon the Department and Employee Tables.
2. Include the Department Name and the Employee ID fields.
3. Use the Total Row to Count the number of employees per department.
4. Save and run the query.

Create a Report

Reports are used to generate printouts from the tables in a database. The Report Wizard can be used to access multiple tables, select fields, and group data in a report:

1. Use the Report Wizard to create a report named Department Report.
2. From the Department Table, include the Department Name and Managers’ First and Last Names.
3. From the Employee Table, include the Employees’ First and Last Names.
4. Group by Department Name.
5. Sort Ascending by Employee Last Name.
6. Use a Stepped Layout in Landscape Orientation and be sure the report fits on one page.

Save and close your RSC_Theme_Park_Database_MEID.accdb database.

———————————————————————————————————————————————-

Part 2 – Microsoft Excel

View Glossary

Use Excel to create a workbook containing three worksheets. The Excel workbook will include employee home contact information and a bank account ledger for the Rio Salado Theme Park.

1. Create a new blank workbook.
2. Save the workbook with the filename RSC_Theme_Park_Workbook_MEID.xlsx. Replace “MEID” with your actual MEID.

Structure of the Workbook 

Your workbook must contain three worksheets:

• Employee Data – This worksheet will contain employee home contact information.
• Bank Account Ledger – This worksheet will show the debits and credits for the Rio Salado Theme Park bank account.
• Line Chart – This worksheet will contain a line chart depicting the daily balance for the Rio Salado Amusement Park bank account.

Employee Data Worksheet

One of the best features of Excel is how easily it can work with data from other programs. Because you already created employee data in Access, you can import that data into Excel to reduce time and effort in creating this worksheet.

1. Import the Employee Table from your RSC_Theme_Park_Database_MEID.accdb database into a new worksheet.
2. Rename the worksheet as Employee Data.
3. Assign the worksheet tab a color of your choice other than the Office default.
4. Resize the table to add the following columns to the right of the Employee Rate of Pay column:
   1. Home Address
   2. City
   3. State
   4. Zip Code
   5. Email Address
   6. Phone Number
5. Enter data into the newly added columns for each employee.
6. Increase the column widths to ensure that you can view the longest data entry in each cell of the worksheet.
7. Hide the following columns:
   1. Department ID
   2. Employee Date of Hire
   3. Employee Rate of Pay
8. Align Left the values in the Employee ID and Zip Code columns.
9. Remove Hyperlinks, if any, from the email addresses.
10. Sort the table by Employee Last Name.
11. Apply Outside Borders to the entire table.
12. Apply an appropriate Table Style of your choice other than the Office default.
13. Freeze the column header row of the table.
14. Use the Page Setup Dialog Box to perform the following tasks:
    1. Set the Page Orientation to Landscape.
    2. Scale to Fit to one page wide by one page tall.
    3. Add a Footer to the worksheet:
       1. Enter your Name in the left section.
       2. Enter your MEID in the center section.
       3. Enter the Course Number and your Section Number in the right section.

Bank Account Ledger Worksheet

The Rio Salado Theme Park wants you to create a new worksheet to keep track of their bank account transactions using the following specifications:

1. Add a new blank worksheet to the workbook.
2. Rename the worksheet as Bank Account Ledger.
3. Assign the worksheet tab a color of your choice other than the Office default.
4. In the first row, insert the title RSC Bank Account Ledger.
5. In the second row, create a new table with the following column headers:
   1. Entry Number
   2. Date
   3. Transaction Description
   4. Debits
   5. Credits
   6. Balance
6. Merge and center the title in the first row over the table columns in the second row.
7. Change the Font Size of the title to 18 pt.
8. Apply a Fill Color of your choice, other than the Office default, to the title cell.
9. Make one entry in the table for each of ten consecutive dates. Be sure to include the Entry Number, Date, Transaction Description, and either a Debit or Credit for each entry. Your first entry should be a deposit (make additional deposits as necessary) so that you do not ever have a negative balance.
10. Use a formula (not a function) with cell references based on the Debits and Credits to calculate the first Balance.
11. Use a formula with cell references based on the Debits and Credits and the previous Balance to calculate the remaining balances.
12. Increase the column widths to ensure that you can view the longest data entry in each cell of the worksheet.
13. Using the Table Tools, add a Total Row to your table and use functions to calculate the Total Debitsand Total Credits.
14. Apply the appropriate Number Formatting to all cells in your table.
15. Align Center the Entry Numbers.
16. Use Conditional Formatting to identify the Top 2 Debits in your table.
17. Apply an appropriate Table Style of your choice other than the Office default.
18. Resolve any Error Messages you might receive in any cells.
19. Freeze the first two rows of the worksheet.
20. Use the Page Setup Dialog Box to perform the following tasks:
    1. Scale to Fit to one page wide .
    2. Add a Footer to the worksheet:
       1. Enter your Name in the left section.
       2. Enter your MEID in the center section.
       3. Enter the Course Number and your Section Number in the right section.

Line Chart Worksheet

The Rio Salado Amusement Park wants a visual depiction of the daily balances from the bank account ledger:

1. Select the Bank Account Ledger worksheet.
2. Insert a Line Chart using the data from the Date and Balance fields.
3. Using the Chart Tools, move the chart to a new sheet named Line Chart.
4. Assign the worksheet tab a color of your choice other than the Office default.
5. Select a Chart Style of your choice other than the Office default.
6. Change the Chart Title to Bank Account Balances.
7. Add horizontal and vertical Axis Titles and add meaningful titles.
8. Add Data Labels.
9. Use the Page Setup Dialog Box to perform the following tasks:
   1. Set the Page Orientation to Landscape
   2. Add a Footer to the worksheet:
      1. Use the Insert File Name button in the center section.

Required Worksheets

Arrange the worksheets in the following order:

1. Employee Data
2. Bank Account Ledger
3. Line Chart

Save and Close your RSC_Theme_Park_Workbook_MEID.xlsx workbook.

Submit Your Assignment

After completing both sections of the project, submit your Access and Excel files following the instructions in the lesson.

1) 

This assignment will have you browse YouTube or watch television for commercials, or look through magazines to find advertisements. Referring to readings and lecture, you will post an analysis of the advertisement to Blackboard. The analysis should clearly apply concepts and terms from our class, between 200 and 300 words. In addition to applying terms, you should demonstrate awareness and comprehension of concepts. Go beyond, “The ad wants me to buy the product.” Think sociologically – how is the company trying to sell you on the product/service? What messages is the ad sending to viewers? How do these messages impact the viewer? Self-image? Self-esteem? 

2)  

Considering the materials we’ve covered so far, write 3 reflective questions you have about sociology and the concepts found in the chapter. You might consider: What connections could be made, potential conflicts for you (values vs. theory), or what you want to know more about.

Reflective questions are ones that provoke some, you guessed, reflection on the material. Some examples of reflective questions include:

• What did you agree/disagree with most?
• In your own experience, how does _____ (topic/point) apply to ____?
• What is your opinion on _____?
• How would you explain _____?
• What is the connection between _____?
• How do you reconcile different viewpoints of _____?
• How does this point relate to ______?