Dictionary Attack in Python

  

Check the slides “OS Security II,” pg. 4-8. You are to implement a Dictionary Attack with and without Password Salt program in Python.

If you are not familiar with measuring execution time in Python, see the following website:

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1557571/how-do-i-get-time-of-a-python-programs-execution

See the following steps.

1. Accept a user password of length N as keyboard input to your program. You can determine your own length N.

2. Compute the hash of the password from step 1.

Your hash function H() is simply the checksum. (See Assignment 2)

3. Now you become an attacker and try to find the password of length N.

Try every combination of length N password and for each combination, compute the hash and compare to the hash of the password from step 2.

Measure execution time.

4. Now let’s reinforce our password using the password salt. Accept an arbitrary non-negative integer number as keyboard input to your program.

5. Compute the hash of the concatenated password salt and password from step 4 and step 1. To compute the password salt portion of the checksum, you can treat the entire password salt as EITHER a single integer OR multiple one-byte integers.

6. Now you become an attacker and try to find the concatenated password salt and password.

Try every combination of an arbitrary non-negative integer number and length N password and for each combination, compute the hash and compare to the hash from step 5.

Measure execution time.

NOTE: your program should have separate functions for the checksum and the two dictionary attacks with and without the password salt by the attacker.

Beginning Development of Global Strategies

 

Primary Discussion Response is due by Friday 4/6/18(11:59:59pm Central), Peer Responses are due by Tuesday (11:59:59pm Central).

Primary Task Response: Within the Discussion Board  area, write 600–800 words that respond to the following questions with  your thoughts, ideas, and comments. This will be the foundation for  future discussions by your classmates. Be substantive and clear, and use  examples to reinforce your ideas..

As the firm looks for ways to offset the domestic downturn in sales,  Deborah, the CEO of your company, wants to determine if a global  strategy is a good fit for the organization.  She has designated you as  the manager for this project.  You will work with your team to develop a  global marketing plan for your organization. 

You begin your research in deciding if and what the global strategy  should be. You get your team together and begin to discuss a plan on how  you will research this possibility.

You start the meeting by saying “Let’s brainstorm and start to get a  plan together for a possible globalization strategy. Tiffany, I’d like  you work with me to begin researching possible locations.”

Tiffany says, “I think we need to research some locations, but I  think there is more to it than that. There still needs to be a decision  on the type of strategy or approach we are taking. Would we use a  multidomestic approach, a global approach, or a transnational approach?  I’m still not entirely convinced a global strategy is the answer.”

“Great point, Tiffany. It is obvious to me as well that we need to  explore a strategy that will put us in a better position to handle the  economic downturn. We have to provide the board with the facts. They  seem to be leaning in the direction of a global strategy, but I’m not  sure it’s the right move either. That’s why we need to do research.”

Discuss the following:  

  • How do you define a global strategy?  
  • Are there other international strategies, and how do they differ?  
  • Identify a minimum of 3 possible countries and location options  for globalization. Research each of these locations in the furniture  industry, and document both the pros and cons of using these in global  strategy.  
  • What country would you choose? What evidence can you provide in support of your choice?  
  • What evidence might somebody else, who does not agree with you, provide to support his or her choice?  
  • What could you tell somebody else to show he or she is wrong? 

Blog post 2

In order to understand the requirements of the op-ed, you are going to read several text models using a process where you determine the similarities (essentials) and differences (possibles) in a set of op-ed examples.  You will begin by individually reading at least three (3) editorials from the following list. You will examine each op-ed closely to notice the “essentials” and the possibles.  Below are some questions to help you identify the essentials and possibilities.

What do you notice?  How does each piece begin?  What’s the claim?  What’s the evidence? Is it logical, reasoned, and relevant?  Does it use research? How is the counterclaim introduced?  Is it fairly treated?  Ignored?  How does the writer use rebuttal?  How does the piece conclude?  Does it follow from and support the claim?  Is it interesting? Compare it to the introduction?  Are they connected yet different in both style and purpose?   

Read 3 (three) op-ed pieces from the list below and determine the essentials and possibilities.  Make a master list for yourself and post it to your blog so you can compare your list with your peers’ lists. 

Written 2

  

CHAPTER 4

1. Briefly define a nonsingular transformation. 

2. What is the difference between a block cipher and a stream cipher? 

3. Why is it not practical to use an arbitrary reversible substitution cipher of the kind shown in Table 4.1? 

4. Briefly define the terms substitution and permutation. 

5. What is the difference between diffusion and confusion? 

6. Which parameters and design choices determine the actual algorithm of a Feistel cipher? 

7. What are the critical aspects of Feistel cipher design? 

CHAPTER 5

1. Briefly define a group. 

2. Briefly define a ring. 

3. Briefly define a field. 

4. List three classes of polynomial arithmetic. 

CHAPTER 6

1. What was the original set of criteria used by NIST to evaluate candidate AES ciphers? 

2. What was the final set of criteria used by NIST to evaluate candidate AES ciphers? 

3. What is the difference between Rijndael and AES? 

4. What is the purpose of the State array? 

5. How is the S-box constructed? 

6. Briefly describe SubBytes. 

7. Briefly describe ShiftRows. 

8. How many bytes in State are affected by ShiftRows? 

9. Briefly describe MixColumns. 

10. Briefly describe AddRoundKey. 

11. Briefly describe the key expansion algorithm. 

12. What is the difference between SubBytes and SubWord? 

13. What is the difference between ShiftRows and RotWord? 

14. What is the difference between the AES decryption algorithm and the equivalent inverse cipher? 

total pages 5

Response to Discussion week 5 6051: Racism and Privilege

  

Discussion: Racism and Privilege

Respond to at least two colleagues with a critique of their posts and alternative recommendations for how you as a social worker might respond to Mary and her beliefs. Be specific and provide examples from the case. Also, identify specific skills social workers might employ.

SOCW_6051_Week5_Discussion_Rubric

Discussion Posting Content

8.1 (27%) – 9 (30%)

Discussion posting demonstrates an excellent understanding of all of the concepts and key points presented in the text(s) and Learning Resources. Posting provides significant detail including multiple relevant examples, evidence from the readings and other scholarly sources, and discerning ideas.

Peer Feedback and Interaction

6.75 (22.5%) – 7.5 (25%)

The feedback postings and responses to questions are excellent and fully contribute to the quality of interaction by offering constructive critique, suggestions, in-depth questions, additional resources, and stimulating thoughts and/or probes.

Writing

4.05 (13.5%) – 4.5 (15%)

Postings are well organized, use scholarly tone, contain original writing and proper paraphrasing, follow APA style, contain very few or no writing and/or spelling errors, and are fully consistent with graduate level writing style.

Colleagues’ Respond  

Student name: Atahomo Agbebaku Top of Form

Racism is the set of institutional, cultural, and interpersonal patterns and practices that create advantages for people legally defined and socially constructed as white and corollary disadvantaged for belonging to racial groups that were considered essential for the formation of the United States. (Adams et al.). Privilege, to me in this situation, is the rights or things enjoyed by a person more than others.

Therefore, the relationship between racism and privilege is the ideology that some persons deserve better, while others should be considered last because of their appearance. White supremacy immediately comes to mind. Hence, the white will quickly get a position for leadership in an institution, and the blacks and others get physical positions. Same public service, affecting how people are treated, what services come to their cities. In an all-white community and an all-black community. Most problematic of all is the feeling that blacks are criminals or drug users. They never end well.

 
 

The case of Mary, The 47yrs old Mary, who is Caucasian, felt her family believes responsible for why her relationship with her colleague, an African American, did not work out. As she was raised to believe African Americans and other people of color are untrustworthy. When it did not work out, she blamed her family. Mary also confirmed she was aware that her feelings of racism are not right but cannot help it. Meanwhile, she had symptoms of PTSD which she later learned how to deal with.  I also want to link racism/ privilege to her case Mary was privileged to receive the amount of treatment for her symptoms.

Mary was raised in a home that espoused racism, and she and her family members believe that African Americans and other people of color are untrustworthy and bad. She said, “I take after my father, and he thinks black people are just evil.” Mary said she understands her feelings about race are not right, but she cannot help it.

The empowerment Perspective for Mary is to make her understand that it is okay to tell her family how she struggles with that feeling. She lived in fear and felt untrusted.The use of family systems theory can help me understand how Mary sees herself in relationship to the people and institutions in her life.The skills of empathy, active listening will be very useful.

Bottom of Form

Student name: Jennifer Arellano 

Top of Form

Racism and privilege have an intertwining relationship as they connect but effect individuals differently. Racism and privilege stem from years of systemic racism and oppression, because of the years of oppression minority groups have the disadvantage of not having accumulated wealth oppose to their white counter parts. Privilege allows growth, financial stability and access to resources benefits that are not awarded to those who have and continue face racism.

In “The case of Mary”  racism is present as she admits she was raised in a household where it was believed arican-american’s and other minorities were “bad”. Mary had the privilege of seeking therapy to discuss the impact of racism in her life not once but twice. She was able to utilize therapy to further understand herself and the role racism played on her mental health.

The impact of racism and privilege on the social work practice can be extremely negative if a social worker allows for personal prejudice to impact how they view an individual. As a social workers, we stand in solidarity with our clients, even if we do not personally agree with them, and create educated goals to provide insight to our clients.

           As a social worker I would utilize the empowerment perspective when responding to Mary by building trust to move forward with treatment. Mary has had one failed relationship with a social worker that could cloud her judgment on accepting help in the future. Through empowerment perspective I would utilize skills such as active listening and engaging in eye contact to make Mary feel comfortable in opening up about her past experiences. The social worker in Marys’s case did exactly this and was able to help Mary realize she did not have to align beliefs as her family did, the social worker did not push her belief on her but instead worked with the client to have this conclusion drawn by the client herself.

Plummer, S.-B., Makris, S., & Brocksen S. M. (Eds.). (2014). Social work case studies: Foundation year. Baltimore, MD: Laureate International Universities Publishing. [Vital Source e-reader].

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Human Relations & Development I Questions & Answers

Hello everyone, I have an Assignment for you today. This assignment must be DONE by Tuesday, December 8, 2020, no later than 10 pm. By the way, I need this assignment to be PLAGIARISM FREE & a Spell Check when completed. Make sure you READ the instructions CAREFULLY. Now without further ado, the instructions to the assignments are below:

For this assignment I need you to answer each of the following questions below with the minimum word response required (or more) beside each question. The following response to each question must go on a word document in APA FORMAT. NO PLAGIARISM and I need a PLAGIARISM REPORT upon completion. Any and all referencing must be cited and in APA format.

1. Identify the parts of the model for improving interpersonal skills. Select one of the parts, and explain the importance of the part and how it contributes to interpersonal skills development. Would you consider it in identifying with personality types and cognitive styles? Why, or why not? Your response should be at least 300 words in length.

2. In evaluating personality types and cognitive styles, which types/styles do you consider important for identifying with personality differences among people? Why? Your response should be at least 200 words in length.

By the way, I several attachments below. The first attachment is a study guide. The next two attachments are Power Points going over Chapter 1 & Chapter 2 of this Unit. Lastly, are the flash cards from the Unit. Be sure to use the resources below. Remember NO PLAGIARISM & I need will need a PLAGIARISM REPORT upon completion. 

6220 Wk 5 Response 1 Discussion

 

The biological, developmental, and integrative hypothetical systems are interconnected, but they are also distinct from one another (Cervone & Pervin, 2019). Developmental Psychology proposes that the human brain requires numerous down to earth instruments, known as mental expansions or created intellectual systems, that are designed using the natural decision strategy (Cervone & Pervin, 2019). The biological theoretical perspective asserts that all abilities acquired via the use of living animals, including intellectual, enthusiastic, and behavioral measurements, have natural bases (Cervone & Pervin, 2019). It involves guessing the thoughts measures, hereditary qualities, safe gadget, chemicals, and the unfortunate gadget to choose a natural rationale at the rear of the moves of staying creatures. Because of natural decision and endurance advantage, the evolutionary hypothetical strategy seeks to protect the qualities or inclinations that have been conveyed to the accompanying innovation (Cervone & Pervin, 2019).

Since the useful product of home-grown decision is memory, discernment, or language, evolutionary brain research is a hypothetical strategy to brain science that attempts to explain beneficial scholarly and mental propensities—which incorporates memory, discernment, or language as expansions, i.e., because the useful product of home-grown decision is memory, discernment, or language as expansions (Cervone & Pervin, 2019). Integrated hypotheses are hypotheses that combine the standards and key recommendations from or more notable preceding current theories into a single hypothesis. Integrated hypotheses are speculations that coordinate the standards and important suggestions from or more prominent prior current speculations into a fresh out of the plastic new unmarried arrangement of fused standards and recommendations (Cervone & Pervin, 2019). The most extreme not unusual place state of reconciliation involves joining social oversee and social dominating hypotheses. Though, an integrative hypothetical structure is a more prominent comprehensive technique that aspirations to convey altogether explicit hypothetical styles in exercise to offer a total skill of an idea. Based on Gilbert and Orlans’ work, the integrative theoretical framework employs psychodynamic and humanistic ideas, as well as research, to provide a personalized approach to integration (Rijn & Wild,2013). For instance, an integrative hypothetical strategy may now not only seek to explain lead by uncovering the natural systems at its base but may also investigate how the transmission of certain propensities and qualities underpins current direct, thus tending to the transformative beginnings of the direct as well. Physiology: how the unfortunate gadget and chemicals work, how the brain works, and so on. Physiology: how the unlucky device and chemical’s function, how the brain functions, and how changes in fit as a fiddle or perhaps trademark might influence lead. For example, we should inquire about how doctor-prescribed drugs deal with depression because of their interaction with the unlucky device.

References

Cervone, D., & Pervin, L. A. (2019). Personality: Theory and research (14th ed.). Wiley.

Rijn, B. van, & Wild, C. (2013). Humanistic and Integrative Therapies for Anxiety and Depression: Practice-Based Evaluation of Transactional Analysis, Gestalt, and Integrative Psychotherapies and Person-Centered Counseling. Transactional Analysis Journal, 43(2), 150–163. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1177/0362153713499545

Assignment: Dealing with Risk, Asymmetric Information, and Incentives

Earlier in the quarter we discussed Southwest Airlines’ use of game theory to create new strategy. Continue to research Southwest Airlines or a company of your choice and write a six to eight (6-8) page paper in which you:

  1. Evaluate a company’s recent (with in the last year) actions dealing with risk and uncertainty.
  2. Offer advice for improving risk management.
  3. Examine an adverse selection problem your company is facing and recommend how it should minimize its negative impact on transactions.
  4. Determine the ways your company is dealing with the moral hazard problem and suggest best practices used in the industry to deal with it.
  5. Identify a principal-agent problem in your company and evaluate the tools it uses to align incentives and improve profitability.
  6. Examine the organizational structure of your company and suggests ways it can be changed to improve the overall profitability.
  7. Use at least five (5) quality academic resources in this assignment. Note: One of your references regarding your should have been published within the last 6 months. Note: Wikipedia does not qualify as an academic resource.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

  • Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
  • Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are

Proper grammar and correct APA format, as applicable, are expected. NUR 440 quality/safety in HC

   Quality and Safety Core Elective
Week 7 Discussion
Patient Safety and Cost
Lisa Anderson is a 74-year-old female with a history of osteoporosis. She is a widow and lives alone in a two-story home. Mrs. Anderson is retired and depends on her Social Security income. She takes pride in making all her own food from scratch. While she is walking at the hospital today, Mrs. Anderson falls and fractures her left hip. She is transported to the OR for immediate surgery.
Patient falls are a serious problem in hospitals, resulting in substantial morbidity, mortality, increased length of stay, and higher costs. It is estimated that high hospitalization rates in healthcare organizations result from patient falls. Fall rates in acute-care hospitals have been measured between 2.2 and 7 falls per 1,000 admissions. Injuries occur in approximately 30% of falls, and severe injuries occur in 4% to 6% of falls. Patient falls increase the cost of patient care. It was found that patients who fell and were injured as a result of a fall had $4,233 higher charges and a length of stay (LOS) of 12.3 days.
Provide an example of something in your current facility that is increasing the cost of care in your organization. How is it being controlled, or how could it be controlled? Make sure to provide some ideas of what could be done better to improve care and outcomes.
IMPORTANT NOTE