Upload a 20-page paper (including cover page and sources) in APA style to Canvas. Be sure to list the individual and the organization they represent. Cite at least five of the readings from the textbook and course. You can use someone or just your imagination. 

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Upload a 20-page paper (including cover page and sources) in APA style to Canvas. Be sure to list the individual and the organization they represent. Cite at least five of the readings from the textbook and course. You can use someone or just your imagination.

Paper Assignment: Interview a senior leader of either a public, nonprofit, or community organization and ask them to identify at least one ethical issue they know about or have witnessed in an organization.  Specifically, ask them to (1) describe the ethical issue, (2) their thinking or approach to the issue they described, (3) in that situation what did they themselves do, or what did they observe was done about the ethical issue they described (4) what would they as a leader recommend for the creation of an ethical climate in their or in any organization they described (“best practices”).

Your paper should include the following sections:  a) a brief introduction to the purpose of ethical guidelines; b) a discussion of the basic ethical theories; c) a discussion of models of decision making (from the readings and interview); d) recommendations for best practices (from the readings and interview) and e) a paragraph about what you have learned about ethical styles and how you think about the professional you interviewed AND yours? Finally, f) In what ways has your perspective concerning ethics changed since you began this course?

Based on your research, do you agree, disagree, or both agree and disagree with arguments Hipps makes in his article?

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Based on your research, do you agree, disagree, or both agree and disagree with arguments Hipps makes in his article?

Essay 1: Summary/Response (Closely Modeled on Dr. Karen Cox’s assignment) Summary: Learning to summarize the ideas of others is an essential skill for college students. In brief (we will go more in-depth during the summary writing mini-unit), a summary is a condensed version of an article, essay, or story. This condensed version is written in your own words (also called paraphrasing). An effective summary should:

● Present the author’s thesis and key ideas (supporting points), omitting supporting details

● Be concise but still thorough (a reader should understand all key ideas of the text from beginning to end)

● Be accurate and objective

● Be paraphrased (though you may include limited direct quotations)

Response: Through the semester, we will spend time reflecting on the impact a piece of writing has on its readers. The impact may be a personal one (text-self); it may have broader social impact or global impact (text-world). Spending some time absorbing the various ways a text “matters” also helps readers draw connections between that text and others (text-text), between ideas presented there and elsewhere.

Writing Assignment: You will be writing a minimum 4 page evaluation essay for Shane Hipps’ “Is Facebook Killing Our Souls?” For this essay assignment you will both summarize and then evaluate through agreement or disagreement two points presented in his article.

Essay Question: Based on your research, do you agree, disagree, or both agree and disagree with arguments Hipps makes in his article?

Research Requirement: You must use at least one (independently found) scholarly outside sources (sources from peer reviewed academic journals). *If you use one from the pdf files I emailed to you, it will not count toward the independently found scholarly source. Personal evidence is limited to one response paragraph and will not count towards a researched scholarly source.

Please use the following five paragraph organization:

❖ In the introductory paragraph, open with a hook that explores the larger essay topic (individual human identity and social media). You should also provide appropriate context by introducing the article (include the author’s full name and the full title of the article) and offering a one sentence that paraphrases the author’s thesis. Finally, end your introductory paragraph by offering your readers direction through your own thesis that answers the essay question stating your response to the article.

❖ The second paragraph will be the summary paragraph. In this paragraph, you will summarize the article clearly and concisely. We will be working on this summary during our summary mini-unit, but do review the instructions above about summary writing.

❖ In the third paragraph, you will draft your 1st response. Here you will have a chance to state which of his points you agree with/disagree with and then develop your agreement/disagreement. *Yes, you will use a TEEAS frame for this response paragraph.

❖ In the fourth paragraph, you will draft your 2nd response. Here you will have a chance to state which of his other points you agree/disagree with and then develop your agreement/disagreement. *Yes, you will use a TEEAS frame for this response paragraph

❖ The final concluding paragraph should be thoughtful. Here you will need to give your audience a closing thought to ponder.

the article was is facebook killing our souls?

24 hours ago

https://shanehipps.com/2011/11/is-facebook-killing-our-souls/

 

Explanation & Answer:

4 pages

INTL 200 Intelligence and National Security Spring 2020 Issue Topic Research Paper/ Historical Issues Cold War intelligence operations and analysis

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INTL 200 Intelligence and National Security Spring 2020 Issue Topic Research Paper/ Historical Issues Cold War intelligence operations and analysis

Research paper need to be on Historical Issues Cold War intelligence operations and analysis

Sources for the research paper:

https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199236961.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199236961

https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/vol48no2/article01.html

https://www.afio.com/publications/SULICK_Michael_Guide_to_Intelligence_in_the_Cold_War_from_INTEL_WINTER2014-15_Vol21_No1.pdf

Assignment:Select and research an issue relating to Intelligence and National Security; and state and argue a position on the issue.Students will support their arguments and position with facts and expert opinion gained in research.Papers may focus on the intelligence-related aspects of current or historic events, or on specific concepts relating to the practice of one or more elements of Intelligence (Collection, Analysis, Covert Action and Counterintelligence).Selected topics may include concepts raised in the assigned readings and classroom discussions, or on issues not previously covered.The primary limitation is that the topic must clearly be relevant to the conduct of Intelligence in National Security.Students will clear their topic with the instructor to ensure relevance to Intelligence and to avoid duplication. This assessment need to be more five pages.

Writing Assignment Criteria:

Student research papers should conform to the American Psychological Association Style Guide.In particular, the papers should meet the following specifications:

Numbered pages

Double-spaced lines

12 pitch font

One inch margins

Papers must be primarily (~80%) the original work of the student, with all data and expert opinion gathered in research properly cited.The focus is on the student’s ability to integrate and synthesize knowledge gained from research, and to communicate analysis and conclusions effectively.

Grading Criteria:

 

  • Written Mechanics and Quality (25 points)
    • Length of Paper
    • Paper Overview and Summary
    • Grammar and Spelling
    • Well-written
  • Analysis (125 points)
    • Thesis
    • Key Arguments
    • Supporting Evidence
    • Conclusion
    • Synthesis
    • Consequences and Implications

 

Explanation & Answer:

5 pages

Create a PowerPoint presentation that addresses each of the following points/questions. Be sure to completely answer all the questions for each bullet point. Use clear headings that allow your professor to know which bullet you are addressing on the slides in your presentation.

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reate a PowerPoint presentation that addresses each of the following points/questions. Be sure to completely answer all the questions for each bullet point. Use clear headings that allow your professor to know which bullet you are addressing on the slides in your presentation. Support your content with at least three (3) sources using APA citations throughout your presentation. Make sure to cite the sources using the APA writing style for the presentation. Include a slide for your references at the end. Follow best practices for PowerPoint presentations related to text size, color, images, effects, wordiness, and multimedia enhancements. Review the rubric criteria for this assignment.

Identify an evidence based practice model and change theory that has been defined in Chapters 13 and 14 of the textbook (Melnyk and Fineout-Overholt, 2015). Describe in detail how you would utilize the practice model ( The  Iowa model of evidence based practice.) and change theory ( Roger’s theory of diffusion of innovations) to implement an evidence-based practice change in your clinical practice environment, related to your research topic. Clinical practice guideline towards the prevention of neck pain among adults. therapy  over medication).

  1. Title Slide (1 slide)
  2. Objective Slide (1 slide)
  3. Identify an evidence-based practice model and change theory that has been defined in Chapters 13 and 14 of the textbook (Melnyk and Fineout-Overholt, 2015). (2-3 slides).
  4. Describe in detail how you would utilize the practice model and change theory to implement an evidence-based practice change in your clinical practice environment, related to your research topic. (6-8 slides)
  5. References (1 slide)

Assignment Expectations: 

Length: 8-14 slides
Structure: Include a title slide, objective slide, content slides, reference slide in APA format. Title/Objective/Reference slides do not count towards the minimum slide count for this assignment.
References: Use appropriate APA style in-text citations and references for all resources utilized to answer the questions. A minimum of three (3) scholarly sources are required for this assignment.

CO1: Propose individualized comprehensive care by integrating theories and principles of nursing and related disciplines when planning comprehensive patient-centered care. (PO1)

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  • CO1: Propose individualized comprehensive care by integrating theories and principles of nursing and related disciplines when planning comprehensive patient-centered care. (PO1)
  • CO8: Discuss the role of evidence-based practice in the provision of professional nursing care. (PO8)

Select a challenging nursing care issue (examples include falls, medication errors, pressure ulcers, and other clinical issues that can be improved by evidence in nursing). Do not select a medical issue (disease, medical treatment). Do not select a workforce issue (staffing, call-offs, nurse to patient ratios). Explain the following for the selected clinical issue.

  • State the issue.
  • Explain the process you would use to search CINAHL for evidence. Include your search terms.

Evidence-based  practice is a theory that consists of using research to guide decision  making in clinical and nursing settings.  For research to be reliable  and have validity a significant amount of data collection must first be  collected.

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Respond to the post bellow using one or more of the following approaches:

Ask a probing question, substantiated with additional background information, and evidence.

Share an insight from having read your colleagues’ postings, synthesizing the information to provide new perspectives.

Offer and support an alternative perspective using readings from  the classroom or from your own review of the literature in the Walden  Library.

Validate an idea with your own experience and additional sources.

Make a suggestion based on additional evidence drawn from the readings or after synthesizing multiple postings.

 

Planning for Data Collection

Evidence-based  practice is a theory that consists of using research to guide decision  making in clinical and nursing settings.  For research to be reliable  and have validity a significant amount of data collection must first be  collected.  Whether a research project is using quantitative,  qualitative, or mixed-methods design, it is essential to determine what  types of information is needed.  Due to the emphasis on patient  satisfaction in the healthcare world at this time, it is crucial to  evaluate how that care is being delivered (Krietz, Winters &  Pedowitz, 2016).  In this post, I will discuss using a survey method to  obtain information representative of the population within a clinic  setting.

In  the example, I am a nurse working in a local primary care facility  which sees thousands of patients annually.  To make better clinical  decisions regarding patient care and satisfaction, five questions have  been created to elicit feedback.  The questions are as follows:

  1. Did you feel the wait time to be seen in the office was appropriate?
  2. During your visit, did you feel the nurses and staff listened to your concerns and treated you with courtesy and respect?
  3. Did the provider spend enough time listening, discussing care, and answering your questions?
  4. Based on your experience today, would you recommend our clinic to someone you know?
  5. In your opinion, what could our clinic have done better?

To  obtain structured data that is self-reported and applicable to the  clinic’s objectives, it is vital to determine which instrument would  work best for the clientele.  Self-report methods can extract  information from patients that might otherwise be difficult to get  (Polit & Beck, 2017).  Allowing the freedom to report their  experiences and feelings increases confidence in the clinic’s desire to  meet their needs.  If researchers know what data they want to obtain, a  structured approach with some open-ended and closed questions can garner  the information needed to make significant changes (Polit & Beck,  2017). Using a mixture of questions is an attempt to include all  patients.

For  this scenario, the questionnaire is a sampling of both types of  questions and is the most popular method (Keough & Tanabe, 2011).   The study will be given to individuals 18 and over.  The questionnaire  and a pen will be given to the patient by the nurse prior at the start  of their appointment with the physician. An explanation of the  questionnaire will be provided with instructions to return their  questionnaire to the drop-box on the countertop in the room after their  exam. The goal for participation is 500 patient responses over six  months.   Responses will be collected and responses logged into the  computer on Fridays by the nurse manager.  After the six months, results  will be calculated, and staff will be informed of the results and  clinical implications for patient care.

Implementing  change processes requires the support of clinical staff and providers.   Since patient care is seen as an essential component of healthcare,  working together as a staff to create a warm, friendly, and improved  patient experience is the ultimate objective (McNicholas et al., 2017).   With excellent leadership and teamwork, the clinic can attain staff  satisfaction and patient satisfaction simultaneously.

References

Keough, V.A., & Tanabe, P. (2011). Survey research: An effective design for conducting nursing research. Journal of Nursing Regulation, 1(4), 37-44. doi:/10.1016/S2155-8256(15)30315-X

Krietz, T., Winters, B., & Pedowitz, D.  (2016). The influence of wait time on patient satisfaction in the  orthopedic clinic. Journal of Patient Experience, 3(2), 39-42. doi:/10.1177/2374373516652253

McNicholas, A., McCall, A., Werner, A.,  Wounderly, R., Marichak, E., & Jones, P. (2017). Improving patient  experience through nursing satisfaction. Journal of Trauma Nursing, 24(6), 371-375. doi:/10.1097/JTN.0000000000000328

Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2017). Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice (10th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.

Data  collection methods vary greatly depending on the research question and  the type of participants, regardless of chosen methodology, data  collection must be rigorously executed to produce high-quality data.

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Respond to the post bellow, using one or more of the following approaches:

Ask a probing question, substantiated with additional background information, and evidence.

Share an insight from having read your colleagues’ postings, synthesizing the information to provide new perspectives.

Offer and support an alternative perspective using readings from  the classroom or from your own review of the literature in the Walden  Library.

Validate an idea with your own experience and additional sources.

Make a suggestion based on additional evidence drawn from the readings or after synthesizing multiple postings.

 

                                        

                                      Data Collection 

Data  collection methods vary greatly depending on the research question and  the type of participants, regardless of chosen methodology, data  collection must be rigorously executed to produce high-quality data.  Similarly, instruments to collect data must provide accurate, concise,  and provide quantifiable data from which clinical meaning can be  extrapolated and subsequently applied to effect improvements in  practice. In this case, research aims to assess patient satisfaction,  from the patient’s perspective. Polit & Beck (2017), report that  structured self-report instruments are widely used by nurse researchers,  and are typically formatted as either questionnaires or interviews.  Surveys provide several advantages. In comparison to interviews, they  are cost-effective, maintain the anonymity of respondents, mitigate  interviewer bias, and can be easily administered using computer  technology. Disadvantages to surveys include low response rates;  typically around 50%, exclusion of certain populations such as the  elderly and children, questions may lack depth, or be ambiguous or  confusing causing respondents to skip them altogether (Polit & Beck,  2017)

Survey Instrument 

Low  response rate remains a primary barrier in survey administration and  efficacy. However, when surveys are personally distributed in a  particular setting, in this case, the primary care clinic, response  rates are significantly higher. Moreover, the personal nature of a  survey tool being directly distributed to respondents has a positive  effect on participants (Polit & Beck, 2017). Keough and Tanabe  (2011) contend that although the data collected through surveys is not  as scientific as data obtained through experimentation, it is  nonetheless important and informs nursing practice. Because the clinic  is interested specifically interested in understanding the patients’  point of view, I assert that a self-report survey tool should be  designed using a Likert-type rating scale. The range of responses  available to the participants provides greater insight compared to a  simple closed-ended question. Moreover, rating scales are easy to  complete and are also efficient. However, because people may  misunderstand the concept of the Likert Scale, instructions and  statements should be clear and concise (Polit & Beck, 2017).

Sampling Methodology and Participant Selection

I would employ a consecutive sampling methodology; this includes  recruiting all accessible and eligible participants over a  pre-determined time-period (Polit & Beck, 2017). There is no  specific formula for sample size. Martínez-Mesa, Bastos, Bonamigo, and  Duquia (2014) assert that sample size can be thought of in tiers. The  largest tier represents the entire population; in this case, 10,000  patients. The target population is the portion of the total population  who are of interest to the study. In this case, we would exclude very  small children or patients who are cognitively impaired. Finally, the  study population includes those who will be included in the research  (Martínez-Mesa, Bastos, Bonamigo, & Duquia, 2014).

To  optimize response rates, and to increase validity and reliability, the  survey will be administered in quarterly increments over a year.  Therefore, the target population will be all 10,000 patients. Of the  target population, it would be reasonable to assume that some patients  will not want to fill out the questionnaire and that others will be  excluded. The study population will aim to include 7,500 patients. All  eligible participants will be asked to fill out a paper and pencil,  self-administered, survey when they check into the clinic for an  appointment. This will allow adequate time for participants to complete  the survey before seeing their provider. Results will be calculated  every quarter and once at the end of the year for comparison. This  schedule will facilitate detection of variations in patient satisfaction  throughout the year, and help to identify specific variables such as  inadequate staffing that contributed to the results.

Survey Questions 

Participants  will be asked to rate declarative statements using will be using the  Likert rating scale. A bipolar continuum will assess varying degrees of  satisfaction to the statements regarding patient satisfaction. The  participants will be asked to rate the following items:

1.) 1. Convenience of office hours:

o Excellent

o Very Good

o Good

o Fair

o Poor

Answer: Identifying gaps during literature review or other types of evidence is an integral step in a systematic review. Gaps in research findings can be related to insufficient or vague information, biased information, inconsistent results, unknown consistency with the results, or not providing the right information. Research gaps can limit the ability for key stakeholders to make decisions and implement evidence-based practice changes (Robinson, 2013).

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Provide a 3-4 sentence response to discussion question answer provided below in apa format with in-text citations. Title page is not needed

Answer: Identifying gaps during literature review or other types of evidence is an integral step in a systematic review. Gaps in research findings can be related to insufficient or vague information, biased information, inconsistent results, unknown consistency with the results, or not providing the right information. Research gaps can limit the ability for key stakeholders to make decisions and implement evidence-based practice changes (Robinson, 2013).

Even though research may present with gaps, do these gaps help or hinder when attempting to create change in an organization? The answer could be both. In one instance, it could hinder the process if the existing evidence does not answer the question or there are significant deficiencies with the information which limits the ability to create a solution to a practice problem. On the other hand, research gaps can be further developed and provide a springboard for stakeholders to look into other areas of research or evidence (Robinson, 2013).

Original Question: When reviewing the literature and different types of evidence, there are often gaps in the findings. Are such gaps a help or a hindrance when wanting to create a change?

Provide a 3-4 sentence response to the below discussion question answer in apa format with in-text citations and references: Answer: The statistical significance of evidence is the measurement of data that determines that the results are unlikely to have happened by chance. It also can mean that the results are “reliable and can be duplicated” (Polit & Beck, 2017) when applied in another situation The application of a p-value of five refers to the idea that in 100 times more than 95% the results will be the same. The clinical significance of evidence is whether when applied to patient care will have the same effect. The evidence is not just taken on face value or the results of the statistical results but also must best be evaluated by “making an informed expert judgment of the benefits and risks associated with research findings” (EL-Masri, 2016). Each of these findings can be used to advance evidence-based projects in different ways. The statistical tells us if the data is leading us in the right direction based on reliability and clinically the benefits to the patients will be seen. Original Question: What is the difference between statistically significant evidence and clinically significant evidence? How would each of these findings be used to advance an evidenced-based project?

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Provide a 3-4 sentence response to the below discussion question answer in apa format with in-text citations and references:

Answer: The statistical significance of evidence is the measurement of data that determines that the results are unlikely to have happened by chance. It also can mean that the results are “reliable and can be duplicated” (Polit & Beck, 2017) when applied in another situation The application of a p-value of five refers to the idea that in 100 times more than 95% the results will be the same. The clinical significance of evidence is whether when applied to patient care will have the same effect. The evidence is not just taken on face value or the results of the statistical results but also must best be evaluated by “making an informed expert judgment of the benefits and risks associated with research findings” (EL-Masri, 2016).

Each of these findings can be used to advance evidence-based projects in different ways. The statistical tells us if the data is leading us in the right direction based on reliability and clinically the benefits to the patients will be seen.

Original Question: What is the difference between statistically significant evidence and clinically significant evidence? How would each of these findings be used to advance an evidenced-based project?

Discuss the difference between research utilization and evidence-based practice.

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Discuss the difference between research utilization and evidence-based practice.

·         250-word minimum

·         At least 1 outside scholarly reference is required (the course textbook

may not be used as a reference).

·         Must answer the discussion question and address the topic in the reply

post.