HEADLINE NEWS ASSIGNMENTS DUE: HN 2 – Week #8

Write an analysis of a current newspaper, journal, magazine, or online article that makes use of statistics.  

• You must analyze an “article”, not an advertisement, product package, etc.  The article may or may not have a graph or graphic to accompany it; but there must be an article (it can’t be a stand-alone graph or graphic).  
• This analysis is meant to bring to light all of the statistics in use in current events.  Many current events topics are controversial, but they are none-the-less important, so do not shy away from them.  Please keep your analysis focused on the statistics and their use/misuse, not on whether you agree or disagree with the author’s point of view.

Since these articles are to be about CURRENT EVENTS, I will be checking the publication dates of the articles, and will only award half credit for analyses which do not adhere to the date requirements.

—- Headline News 2 should be written about a mainstream article dated between the 4th and 8th weeks of class.

The written analysis should be 2 pages long and must include the following:

1. A brief summary of the article.
2. Identification of the statistical techniques or tools used (e.g. graphs, means, medians, standard deviations, percentiles, scatterplots, correlation, trends, . . .).
3. A critique of the article paying special attention the use and/or misuse of the statistical techniques or tools used, and the validity of the conclusions drawn by the author(s).
4. Attach a copy of the article or a link to the original source.

Case: JDB vs North Carolina

Your case brief/analysis should be 700-1,000 words in length (not including your Reference page). Use distinct headings to clearly identify each element (prompt) of your case brief.

Case Brief Prompts

Your case brief should include each of the following elements:

• Legal and Procedural History: What is the history of the selected case? What prior courts heard the case? What were the rulings of the involved prior courts?
• Facts: What are the critical facts of the case? Identify the parties and the facts that were considered in the Court’s ultimate holding.
• Issues: What were the specific legal question(s) presented to the U.S. Supreme Court? Present the issues in clear and concise question format. If there were multiple legal questions, list each issue separately.
• Holding (Decision): How did the U.S. Supreme Court answer the issues? What was the Court’s final decision with respect to each issue?
• Court Rationale: Summarize the U.S. Supreme Court’s reasoning. Why did the Court rule in the way that it did? How and why did the Court arrive at its ultimate answers to the legal issues?
• Analysis: Share an original analysis and interpretation of the case and the U.S. Supreme Court’s ruling. What is the case’s significance? How do the rights of juveniles in this case compare to the rights of adults in criminal cases? How has the case impacted our courts? How has the case impacted our government and/or our citizens? Do you agree with the Court’s analysis?

Using Sources

Formatting & Sources

Please write your paper in the APA format. As part of your research, you may refer to the course material for supporting evidence, but you must also use at least two credible, outside sources and cite them using APA format as well. Please include a mix of both primary and secondary sources, with at least one source from a scholarly peer-reviewed journal.

 In today’s data-driven world, statistics can be found almost everywhere. Regardless of your major, you can use the lens of statistical thinking to better understand the world and put things into appropriate perspective. In particular, knowledge of statistics allows you to be a more critical consumer of information, including the credibility and significance of research studies. The final project for this course is the creation of a research study report. After selecting an appropriate study from the provided list by Module One, you will apply the critical thinking skills gained from this course to summarize, analyze, and critique your study using a statistical lens. Specifically, you will determine to what extent your chosen study is well-designed. The project is divided into three milestones, which will be submitted at various points throughout the course to scaffold learning and ensure quality final submissions. As you review feedback from your instructor and peers incorporate relevant feedback prior to the next milestone submission. Your final project submission should reflect the incorporation of all relevant feedback. These milestones will be submitted in Modules Two, Four, and Six. The final product will be submitted in Module Seven. In this assignment, you will demonstrate your mastery of the following course competency:  MAT-133-01: Identify and apply the aspects of a well-designed research study Prompt After selecting a research study from the provided list, create a report in which you evaluate the extent to which it reflects the aspects of a well-designed study. Be sure to consult the Final Project Extra Help document to assist you in developing your report. Specifically, you must address the critical elements listed below. I. Introduction a) Identify the specific focus of the research. In other words, what was this study about? What was the purpose of the study? [MAT-133-01] b) Describe the specific characteristics of the population being studied. For example, what was the sample size? What were its demographics? [MAT-133-01] c) Evaluate the research question(s) of your chosen study. Did the researchers suggest hypotheses for their research questions? To what extent are these questions significant, and why? [MAT-133-01] II. Analysis a) Analyze the research methods of the study. In other words, how did the researchers test their hypotheses related to the research questions? What, if any, assumptions did the researchers make in order to conduct their research? [MAT-133-01] b) Examine the outcomes of those tests. What were the major findings (i.e., did they reject or fail to reject the hypotheses and why)? Were the findings statistically significant (i.e., what was the p-value)? [MAT-133-01] 2 c) Evaluate the conclusions drawn by the researchers. Do you think the conclusions are valid based on the data and hypothesis test results? Is there sufficient data to support the researchers’ generalizations? Why or why not? [MAT-133-01] III. Discussion a) Assess the implications of the study. For example, what surprised you or struck you as interesting? What wider relevance or meaning do you draw from this study? [MAT-133-01] b) Evaluate the extent to which this study applied the principles of a well-designed experiment. In other words, was the specific methodology used sound? For example, did they employ proper sampling in their research design? [MAT-133-01] c) Identify opportunities for future research based on findings from this study. In other words, what related questions remain unanswered? How could those questions be addressed? [MAT-133-01] 

 Guidelines for Submission: Your research study report should be 3 to 4 pages in length (plus a cover page and references) and must be written in APA format. Use double spacing, 12-point Times New Roman font, and one-inch margins. Cite all references in APA format.  

Please reply to the following discussion with one reference. Participate in the discussion by asking a question, providing a statement of clarification, providing a point of view with a rationale, challenging an aspect of the discussion, or indicating a relationship between two or more lines of reasoning in the discussion. Cite resources in your responses to other classmates. 

Discussion

Discuss the questions that would be important to include when interviewing a patient with this issue, including any risk factors she may have.

While interviewing the patient presenting with this specific issue, it would be essential to ask her regarding the exact location and position of the masses within the patient’s breast. It would also be imperative to ask the patient about the duration or period regarding the symptoms, the absence, the presence of pain, and the course regarding the symptoms (Sethi, 2016). It would also be essential to determine whether she has ever experienced the same complaint before, the treatment administered given that is the case, and the outcome concerning the remedy. Besides, any other signs or symptoms the patient has experienced and the realization of the masses are equally essential to ascertain, such as nipple discharge, loss of weight, and fatigue. 

Describe the clinical findings that may be present in a patient with this issue.

The primary clinical findings that would be present are the two painless lumps located on the right breast and a significant loss in weight (Sethi, 2016). Patients with breast cancer are likely to develop concerns related to dimpling of the breasts and breast swelling. Breast dimpling and breast discharge are also remarkable clinical findings manifested in a person having this issue. 

Are there any diagnostic studies that should be ordered on this patient? Why?

To confirm the exact diagnosis, it would be pertinent to order further diagnostic studies for her. The first diagnostic tests that are recommended for CM in this scenario relates to the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and a mammogram which would be deployed in providing detailed images about the breast, which in turn would indicate whether or not she has breast cancer (Shoko Vos et al., 2016). In addition, a primary needle biopsy would be used to remove or take some samples regarding the breast tissue. The biopsy will assist in determining if the patient has the issue of breast cancer.

List the primary diagnosis and three differential diagnoses for this patient. Explain your reasoning for each.

The primary diagnosis for this patient relates to breast cancer, and this is supported by the fact that the patient has two lumps located on the right breast. The presence of family history regarding breast cancer and the fact that the patient previously had atypical lobular hyperplasia also ate risk factors for the patient’s high likelihood of having breast cancer. The other three differential diagnoses which would be considered in this scenario encompass breast cysts, breast lipoma, and fibroadenoma (Shoko Vos et al., 2016). 

The presence of lumps typically characterizes breast cysts, and as such, they ought to be incorporated in this patient’s diagnosis. Also, patients presenting with breast fibroadenoma have painless nodes, making this a likely diagnosis for this patient.

Discuss your management plan for this patient, including pharmacologic therapies, tests, patient education, referrals, and follow-ups.

The pharmacological treatment for breast cancer for this patient will encompass the administration of methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) since these drugs have the potential of inhibiting the progression of breast cancer (Shoko Vos et al., 2016). In regards to patient education, CM will be informed to take a diet rich in vegetables, fruits, fresh foods, and fish since this has the potentiality of reducing the risks associated with the development of breast cancer. The patient will also be informed to engage in regular physical activity and exercises (Shoko Vos et al., 2016). Finally, the patient will be advised to revisit the healthcare facility given that her symptoms worsen.

References

Sethi, S. (2016). MiRNAs and target genes in breast cancer metastasis (3rd ed., p. 78). New York: Springer.

Shoko Vos, S., Farhad Vesuna, F., Raman, V., van Diest, P., & Groep, P. (2016). miRNA expression patterns in normal breast tissue and invasive breast cancers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 germ-line mutation carriers. Oncotarget, 6(31). http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.5617

create a visual (e.g., Venn diagram, poster, or chart) with the following:

• First, identify which disability you have chosen for the focus of this course (intellectual disability) is the one I’ve chosen. Next, using information found in your text (Chapters 2 and 3)

 Describe the early childhood characteristics of this disability (generally ages three to five).

• Describe the school-aged characteristics of this disability (generally ages five through eighteen).
• Describe the manifestations in behavioral social skills in the learning environment.
• Next, compare these traits with the characteristics of at least two other disabilities.
• Finally, after reviewing the components of PBS, describe how applications of behavioral science, multicomponent interventions, lifestyle outcomes, and systems change apply to the characteristics of the disability you have chosen.

Text

Cohen, L. G., & Spenciner, L. J. (2009). Teaching students with mild and moderate disabilities: Research-based practices (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. 

Articles

• Lavoie, R. (2007). Helping the socially isolated child make friends (Links to an external site.). Retrieved from http://www.ldonline.org/article/19272/
• Reeve, C. (2013, October 29). Easy method for collecting and analyzing data (Links to an external site.) [Blog post]. Retrieved from http://www.aspecialsparkle.com/2013/10/an-easy-method-for-collecting-and.html
• SMART behavior change outcome (Links to an external site.). (n.d.) Retrieved from http://www.healthedpartners.org/ceu/sm/smart_behavior_change_outcome_objectives.pdf