Prewriting and Drafting Source list & Summaries

/in /by

 

When you’re researching a paper, it’s important to  organize and document your research as you go. This helps you keep track  of how each source addresses your topic and where it fits into your  paper. You’ll do this in a document called a research organizer, or an annotated bibliography.

In  the first three entries of your research organizer, you’ll include an  SWS-style source list entry, a brief summary, and a description of how  the source might support your essay. Summaries of a source should  include the author’s main idea, supporting points, and any key pieces of  evidence. Then you’ll describe how you plan to use this information in  your essay. Remember, the sources you find could be used to support your  argument OR to identify a counter argument.

 James P. Smith. 2010. Financial Decision Making and Cognition in the  Family Context.  http://libdatab.strayer.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=54503318&site=eds-live&scope=site

This  journal article describes a study about married couples and financial  wealth, which found that the mathematical literacy (or “numeracy  skills”) of the decision-making spouse increases overall household  wealth. However, the article states that husbands are still responsible  for making financial decisions in nearly 62% of marriages. The authors  examine which spouse makes financial decisions in the households and  why, concluding that the reasons are often related to class and cultural  conventions surrounding gender roles. I will use the information in  this article to support the point I want to make that the division of  tasks in a marriage should not be determined solely by gender.

In the last three entries of your research organizer, you’ll just include a source list entry in SWS style, like this:

Kendall  Green. 2018. Credit Union Uses New Approach to Teach Young Adults  Financial Literacy.  http://www.wdam.com/2018/12/05/schools-use-new-approach-teach-young-adults-financial-literacy/

For  your Prewriting & Research Assignment, you’ll need to find and cite  a total of six sources: three with a source list entry, a summary, and a  note on how the source will be used in your essay, and three more with  just the source list entry. You can review SWS format for source list  entries on the library’s Strayer Writing Standards webpage.

Start with a Summary

As  you saw in the example above, summarizing can be a great way to quickly  explain the main idea of your source. But did you know that summarizing  helps you better understand and remember the information contained  within a source? The act of summarizing helps you process what a piece  of writing is actually saying.

Think of  summarizing as pointing out what is most important in a piece of  writing. Practicing this skill will help you focus on the writer’s  central point and identify which information in the source will be most  useful as you construct your argument.

To create a good summary for the sources in your Prewriting & Research Assignment, include the following information:

  • the thesis, or main idea you want to convey
  • the supporting points, or claims you make to support your main idea
  • any significant pieces of evidence, or an overview of the types of evidence used

Summaries  are often written in your own words, using the skill of paraphrasing.  Paraphrasing also helps you understand a source, as it forces you to  think about what a writer is really saying in order to put it in your  own words. To paraphrase effectively, do the following:

  • Read the original source as many times as you need to until you understand it.
  • Translate the passage into your own words using clear, simple language.
  • Try changing the sentence structure, flipping the beginning and the end.
  • Identify the source by including the author’s name in sentences where you have cited information.
  • Reread your summary to make sure no exact wording from the source is present.

For example, look at this sentence from the summary above, and a paraphrase:

Original sentence:  “The authors examine which spouse makes financial decisions in the  households and why, concluding that the reasons are often related to  class and cultural conventions surrounding gender roles.”

Paraphrased sentence:  This study found that ideas about male and female roles, determined by  the social class and cultural backgrounds of participants, mostly  determined who made financial choices in the household.

Note  that the paraphrase preserves the meaning of the original sentence,  even using one or two of the same words, but changes the sentence  structure and does not repeat phrases. Unlike a summary, a paraphrase  does not need to be shorter than the original source. The key to  paraphrasing is capturing the original meaning in your own words. You’ll  learn more about summarizing and paraphrasing later in the webtext.

Each  summary will also include a note about how you intend to use the source  in your paper. Knowing how the source will fit into your argument will  save time later as you begin constructing your draft. Noting specific  evidence or information that can help support your stance, or even  provide a counter argument to your position, will allow you to more  easily develop an outline and build strong body paragraphs when you are  ready to draft.

Your Turn to Research

You’ve already found some evidence for your supporting points. Remember, you need to include six credible,  relevant sources in your Prewriting & Research Assignment. Document  them in the Research Organizer template below. Select your top three  sources and include a summary for each, along with an indication of how  you’ll use the information in your argument.

 Writing Activity 1: Research Organizer

Document  six sources below. You’ll write descriptions for your top three  sources, but only include source list entries for the rest. Be sure to  use SWS style.

Writing TemplateSource 1:

List the location information as an SWS-style source list entry for your first source. 

In at least three sentences, summarize the main idea and most important information from your first source. 

In  one sentence, describe how you will use this source in your paper to  either support your position or provide a counter perspective. 

Source 2:

List the location information as an SWS-style source list entry for your second source. 

In at least three sentences, summarize the main idea and most important information from your second source. 

In  one sentence, describe how you will use this source in your paper to  either support your position or provide a counter perspective. 

Source 3:

List the location information as an SWS-style source list entry for your third source. 

In at least three sentences, summarize the main idea and most important information from your third source. 

In  one sentence, describe how you will use this source in your paper to  either support your position or provide a counter perspective. 

Source 4:

List the location information as an SWS-style source list entry for your fourth source. 

Source 5:

List the location information as an SWS-style source list entry for your fifth source. 

Source 6:

List the location information as an SWS-style source list entry for your last source. 

Critical thinking essay part 2

/in /by

Overview

When looking for information about a particular issue, how often do you try to resist biases toward your own point of view?

This assignment asks you to engage in this aspect of critical thinking.

Instructions

Write a 3–4 page paper in which you:

  1. State your position on the topic you selected in the Week 3 assignment, Conflicting Viewpoints Essay: Part 1. Animal Testing.
  2. Identify three premises (reasons) from Animal Testing that support your position, and explain why you selected these specific reasons.
  3. Explain your answers to the “believing” questions about the three premises opposing your position from Animal Testing.
  4. Examine at least two types of biases that you likely experienced as you evaluated the premises for and against your position.
  5. Discuss the effects of your own enculturation or group identification that may have influenced your biases.
  6. Discuss whether your thinking about the topic has changed after playing the “Believing Game,” even if your position on the issue has stayed the same.

The paper should follow guidelines for clear and organized writing:

  • Include an introductory paragraph and concluding paragraph.
  • Address the main ideas in body paragraphs with a topic sentence and supporting sentences.
  • Adhere to standard rules of English grammar, punctuation, mechanics, and spelling.
  • Use four sources to support your writing. Choose sources that are credible, relevant, and appropriate. Cite each source listed on your source page at least one time within your assignment. For help with research, writing, and citation

International Business Unit 2 individual project

/in /by

Due today 12/24 by 7pm

You are a manager for a global expansion project in an organization. You plan to expand into a country outside the United States. The magnitude of the project requires you to prepare for the project kickoff meeting and business negotiations with the project team who are potential partners from the country. You understand that these cultures are vastly different. They have different business customs, social protocols, and languages, so conducting business with a new country requires a customized approach.

Before answering the following questions go to Geert Hofstede’s Six Cultural Dimensions and enter a country of your choice and the United States (https://www.hofstede-insights.com/product/compare-countries/). 

Tip: When creating a country comparison using the United States in first dropdown menu box to see the values for the six cultural dimensions. After selecting the United States, a second country can be chosen in the second dropdown menu box. Keep the United States in the first box. 

  1. Using the United States as a basis for comparison, evaluate each country’s similarities and differences. Think about the potential impact to the global expansion project. 
  2. Discuss the implications for your communication with the cross cultural team. 

Unit 2 Assignment Grading CriteriaMaximum Points

Discuss the key differences in culture 

30

Discuss why communication is important 

30

Response considered the impact to the global expansion project

30

Spelling, grammar, and formatting

10Total100

Current Events: Space Programs

/in /by

Search for a current news story/event that demonstrates a chosen area of aviation over time for this assignment. Your current news selection must be within the last 180 days. Examine the news story or event, reflect, and consider all aspects and viewpoints the author provides.

Sum-it-Up / Relate-it-Up

In your initial post (must be 150 words), show a clear connection between the news story/event and the course materials. If there is no connection to course materials, you will lose 40 points. State the title of the news story and include the link so that others can access the story. You may apply any lens you wish to use when constructing this assignment: historic, scientific, technological, engineering, or math. Summarize the story and explain the cause and effect relationships for your chosen area (lens) of aviation for this assignment. 

Be sure to use an in-text citation at the end of each sentence where you have linked to the course materials (textbook) and any other source you cite (your article and outside source). Include all source information for your article, outside source(s), and the textbook in a reference area following your work. For correct formatting of citations and references, please refer to the current APA manual or the APA Style website. (Links to an external site.)

New Venture Creation

/in /by

Deliverables for this assignment are:

1. Business Model 

2. Financial Goals

The initial stage of your business plan entails taking your vision about your entrepreneurial venture and establishing a roadmap for creating it through fruition. An integral part of the business plan is to develop a business model. Simply put, a business model describes how a company plans to make money. It is not what you do, but how you will make money doing what you do. The actual financial results come from your company as a money-making machine (Meyer & Crane, 2014). 

A solid business model is the link between the venture strategy and financial plans. Projecting the financial performance and requirements can be classified as financial goals of the venture. A VC will want to know not only the numbers, but how they were derived. This is VERY important. 

There are four (4) key deliverables in the financial planning phase for most ventures: 

(a) A five-year detailed projection revenue,

(b) A five-year Pro Forma P&L,

(c) A five-year Pro Forma Cash Flow Statement, and

(d) A five-year Pro Forma Balance Sheet (Meyer & Crane, 2014). You will need the reports, as well as the analysisfor how these numbers were derived and they mean for your company.

You are to develop a

1) Business Model (Chapter 5) 

2) Establish Financial Goals (Chapter 9) per the details outlined in this PA  for Readymix Concrete Plant in Nepal. 

Article review

/in /by

1A)

You will review both quantitative and qualitative research.  The topic is up to you as long as you choose a peer-reviewed, academic research piece.  I suggest choosing a topic that is at least in the same family as your expected dissertation topic so that you can start viewing what is out there.  There is min 2-page requirement as long as you cover the basic guidelines.  You must submit original work, however,  and a paper that returns as a large percentage of copy/paste to other sources will not be accepted.  (Safe Assign will be used to track/monitor your submission for plagiarism. Submissions with a Safe Assign match of more than 25% will not be accepted.) 

Please use APA formatting and include the following information:

  • Introduction/Background:  Provide context for the research article.  What led the author(s) to write the piece? What key concepts were explored? Were there weaknesses in prior research that led the author to the current hypothesis or research question?
  • Methodology:  Describe how the data was gathered and analyzed.  What research questions or hypotheses were the researchers trying to explore? What statistical analysis was used?
  • Study Findings and Results:  What were the major findings from the study? Were there any limitations?
  • Conclusions:  Evaluate the article in terms of significance, research methods, readability, and the implications of the results.  Does the piece lead to further study? Are there different methods you would have chosen based on what you read? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the article in terms of statistical analysis and application? (This is where a large      part of the rubric is covered.) 
  • Min 3 References  

1B) 

 You will review both quantitative and qualitative research.  The topic is up to you as long as you choose a peer-reviewed, academic research piece.  I suggest choosing a topic that is at least in the same family as your expected dissertation topic so that you can start viewing what is out there.  There are min 2-page requirements as long as you cover the basic guidelines.  You must submit original work, however,  and a paper that returns as a large percentage of copy/paste to other sources will not be accepted.  (Safe Assign will be used to track/monitor your submission for plagiarism. Submissions with a Safe Assign match of more than 25% will not be accepted.) Please use APA formatting and include the following information:

  • Introduction/Background:  Provide context for the research article.  What led the author(s) to write the piece? What key concepts were explored? Were there weaknesses in prior research that led the author to the current hypothesis or research question?
  • Methodology:  Describe how the data was gathered and analyzed.  What research questions or hypotheses were the researchers trying to explore? What statistical analysis was used?
  • Study Findings and Results:  What were the major findings from the study? Were there any limitations?
  • Conclusions:  Evaluate the article in terms of significance, research methods, readability, and the implications of the results.  Does the piece lead to further study? Are there different methods you would have chosen based on what you read? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the article in terms of statistical analysis and application? (This is where a large part of the rubric is covered.) 
  • Min 3 References   

Imp Note: You can choose the same topic for both quantitative and qualitative review or different but choose from Information technology related.

Assignment: Journal: Leadership and Management—A Personal Perspective-6070-wk1A

/in /by

 Last week, you began exploring the similarities and differences of leadership and management roles and the contributions these roles make to an organization’s functioning. Social workers need to be aware of these similarities and differences in order to determine which management or leadership skills are most appropriate in a given position or situation.

This week, you have focused on the influence of external factors on an organization’s functioning with a special focus on their impact on the leadership of social workers in supervisory roles.

As you have explored leadership and management roles, skills, and behaviors, you may have become aware of how these align, or do not align, with your personal skills, strengths, and interests. You may also have begun to consider how external factors might influence you if you were to assume a leadership or management role in social work.

For this Assignment, you assess your strengths and areas for growth in order to determine what aspects of leadership and management are a good “fit” with your personality, leadership style, and relevant skills. You also address how external factors might influence you as you serve in a leadership or management role.

Assignment (4–5 paragraphs): Complete the following:

  • Assess your strengths and areas for growth with regard to both the leadership and management roles based on what you understand about these roles so far. Be sure to address whether your skills and interests align better with the leadership or management role.
  • Identify at least one area of growth in either of these roles you would like to further develop, and explain why.
  • Identify two significant external factors that might influence your work if you served in a leadership or management role in social work. Explain why these external factors are significant and how they might affect your work as a leader or manager.

 

Required Readings

Northouse, P. G. (2013). Leadership: Theory and practice (6th ed.). Los Angeles: Sage Publications
Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications via the Copyright Clearance Center.
Chapter 1, “Introduction” (pp. 1–17)

Northouse, P. G. (2021). Introduction to leadership: Concepts and practice (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Sage.
Chapter 1, “Understanding Leadership” (pp. 1–24)
Chapter 2, “Recognizing Your Traits” (pp. 26–54)
Chapter 5, “Developing Leadership Skills” (pp. 127-158)

Lauffer, A. (2011). Understanding your social agency (3rd ed.). Washington, DC: Sage.
Chapter 3, “Role Playing and Group Membership” (pp. 70–98)

Plummer, S.-B., Makris, S., & Brocksen, S. M. (Eds.). (2014b). Social work case studies: Concentration year. Baltimore, MD: Laureate International Universities Publishing [Vital Source e-reader].
“Social Work Supervision, Leadership, and Administration: The Phoenix House” (pp. 82–84)

WEEK 2 6630 RESPONSES

/in /by

Julian Fils Julian Fils: (Week Two)Neurotransmitters and Receptor TheoryCOLLAPSE

Discussion: Neurotransmitters and Receptor Theory

Explain the agonist-to-antagonist spectrum of action of psychopharmacologic agents, including how partial and inverse agonist functionality may impact psychopharmacologic treatments’ efficacy.

In simple terms, an agonist creates a specific action, and the antagonist opposes a particular activity. Neurotransmitters that occur naturally stimulate receptors and are thus agonists. Some medications also stimulate receptors and are therefore agonists as well. The mechanism of partial agonists or stabilizers the drugs stimulate the receptors lesser than natural neurotransmitter. It is a common misconception that antagonists are the opposite of agonists because they block agonists’ actions. However, although antagonists prevent agonists’ efforts, they have no activity of their own in the agonist’s absence (Stern et al., 2016).

For this reason, antagonists are sometimes called “silent.” Inverse agonists, on the other hand, do have opposite actions compared to agonists. That is, they not only block agonists but can also reduce activity below the baseline level when no agonist is present. Thus, the agonist spectrum reaches from full agonists to partial agonists through “silent” antagonists and finally inverse agonists (Stahl, 2013).

Compare and contrast the actions of g couple proteins and ion gated channels

Neurotransmitters trigger G-protein-linked and ion-channel-linked cascades.  There are four elements linked to the G-protein-linked system. The first element is the neurotransmitter, also referred to as the first messenger. The second is the G-protein coupled receptors which have seven transmembrane regions. The third element a G protein, which is a connecting protein. The fourth element is an enzyme that can synthesize a second messenger when activated (Stahl, 2013).  The first steps involve the neurotransmitter binding to the receptor. It also changes the form of the receptor, which allows it to fit with the G protein. Then, the G protein binding is conformed to the receptor of the neurotransmitter. The two receptors (neurotransmitter and the G protein) work with each other, which then bind to enzyme E and synthesizes the second messenger (Stahl, 2013).

Ion channel receptors are a vital component of nervous system signaling, allowing rapid and direct conversion of a chemical neurotransmitter message to an electrical current. Efficient neurotransmission requires the precise interplay of various neurotransmitter receptors at pre-and post-synaptic compartments. Ligand-gated ion channels play a central role in intercellular communication in the nervous system. Ion channels are the cellular machinery for ion flux across the membrane and, therefore, the basis of the electrical excitation of neurons. Ligand-gated ion channels are oligomeric protein assemblies that convert a chemical signal into an ion flux through the post-synaptic membrane and are involved in essential brain functions such as attention, learning, and memory (Li et al., 2015).

Explain how the role of epigenetics may contribute to pharmacologic action

Epigenetics describes genetic information that is ‘beyond’ or ‘above’ that information coded solely by our genetic code (Stefanska & MacEwan, 2015). Prior research has shown that the initial epigenetic pattern was set during life and gave each neuron its life-long personality. However, recent studies have shown that these neurons are changing. Depending on what happened to them, such as stress, child abuse, dietary deficiencies, psychotherapy, drug abuse, or psychotherapeutic medications, the previously silent genes are now activated once active genes can become silenced. Thus, causing favorable and unfavorable developments. Favorable epigenetics may trigger learning or experience therapeutic effects on medications, and inimical epigenetic mechanisms may trigger drug abuse, addiction, anxiety disorder, or chronic pain (Stahl, 2013). 

Explain how this information may impact the way you prescribe medications to patients. Include a specific example of a situation or case with a patient in which the psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner must be aware of the medication’s action.

As prescribers, psychiatric nurse practitioners must understand the biological and physical aspects of prescribing medication to the mental health population. These medications directly affect the receptors and neurons; therefore, it is imperative to understand the mechanism of action. Recently at work, a geriatric psychiatric patient with a urinary tract infection was having difficulty sleeping. The nurse asked about trazodone as a PRN for sleep. The Psychiatrist explained that trazodone inhibition of the reuptake of serotonin makes it an antidepressant. It is essential to know it also blocks alpha- receptors that can give the side effect of orthostatic hypotension, especially in older patients. What is also crucial is to note that the anticholinergic effects of trazodone cause delirium and confusion.

In this example, a study was conducted by Lockwood & Youssef  (2017), where the study of epigenetic effects on the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)  in patients with bipolar disorder types I and II and major depressive disorder. In this study, methylation was investigated when patients were in various mood states, including manic, hypomanic, mixed, euthymic, and depressed. The effects of valproic acid and lithium and the impact on BDNF were studied. The results have shown that in a mixed or manic state, BDNF methylation levels approximated that of the control subjects. In addition to that, the patients that were in euthymic or depressed states had significantly higher BDNF methylation levels (Lockwood & Youssef, 2017).

References

Li, S., Wong, A. H. C., & Liu, F. (2015). Ligand-gated ion channel interacting proteins and their role in neuroprotection. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2014.00125

Lockwood, L., & Youssef, N. (2017). Systematic review of epigenetic effects of pharmacological agents for bipolar disorders. Brain Sciences, 7(12), 154. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci7110154

Stahl, S. (2013). Stahl’s essential psychopharmacology print and online bundle: Neuroscientific basis and practical applications. Cambridge University Press.

Stefanska, B., & MacEwan, D. J. (2015). Epigenetics and pharmacology. British Journal of Pharmacology, 172(11), 2701–2704. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.13136

Stern, T. A., M Fava, Wilens, T. E., & Rosenbaum, J. F. (2016). Massachusetts general hospital psychopharmacology and neurotherapeutics. Elsevier.

Deepinder Bhandohal Week 2 DiscussionCOLLAPSE

Foundational Neuroscience

1.  Explain the agonist-to-antagonist spectrum of action of psychopharmacologic agents, including how partial and inverse agonist functionality may impact the efficacy of psychopharmacologic treatments.

Agonists are agents that activate receptors upon their binding, similar to the effect of neurotransmitters, hormones, and other endogenous regulators. Antagonists on the other hand do not affect the action of the receptor but act by blocking the receptor’s effectiveness to prevent binding of other drugs or endogenous molecules for activation. Therefore, an antagonist is a drug that has a receptor binding affinity but do not initiate any intrinsic activity (Seyedabadi, Ghahremani, & Albert, 2019).

Partial agonists have moderate activity compared to full agonists, often producing half the effect. A partial agonist can thus be an agonist-antagonist as it blocks the binding of other molecules while producing limited activity. An inverse agonist binds to the agonist binding site on the receptor but elicits an opposite pharmacological effect. Therefore, partial and inverse agonists influence the efficacy and outcomes of the treatments.

2.  Compare and contrast the actions of G-coupled proteins and ion gated channels.

G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute a large family of receptors on the cellular plasma membranes that utilize a G protein to transmit signals inside the cell. Disorders in G-protein coupled receptors may result in diseases as they serve multiple functions within the body. Different responses are elicited by the G-protein coupled receptors following the interaction of G-protein subunits with other proteins within the cell. The subunits (α subunit, and another made up of the β and γ subunits) are produced from the division of G-protein following the binding with guanosine triphosphate. The interaction of these subunits with other proteins triggers diverse signaling pathways within the cell (Seyedabadi, Ghahremani, & Albert, 2019).

Ion channels are proteins that enable the flow of specific ions into and out of the cell. There are three types of gated ion channels; mechanically-gated ion channels, voltage-gated ion channels, and ligand-gated ion channels. Ligand-gated ion channels are ionotropic receptors that close or open in response to ligand binding. Voltage-gated ion channels open or close in response to changes in the membrane potentials. Membrane proteins activated by a GPCR can interact with ligand-gated ion channels to prompt their opening or closing (Alexander et al., 2019).

3.  Explain how the role of epigenetics may contribute to pharmacologic action.

Epigenetics is gene regulation where the gene expression patterns are changed following reversible modification of DNA, RNA, or proteins. Epigenetic alterations enable the understanding and identification of diseases like neurodegenerative disorders or cancers. DNA methylation is an example of disease-causing alterations. Responses to drugs vary based on the cellular changes caused by epigenetic alterations or genetic heterogeneity (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2018).

4.  Explain how this information may impact the way you prescribe medications to patients. Include a specific example of a situation or case with a patient in which the psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner must be aware of the medication’s action.

Prescribing medications needs to take account of the patient’s characteristics especially the family history and the genetic implications on diagnosis and treatment. McClarty, Fisher, and Dong (2018) point out the effect of age on dementia treatment, especially when using antipsychotics for the psychological, behavioral, and psychosis symptoms. The treatment has various side effects and is often ineffective due to the effects of aging on drug metabolism and clearance. Age-induced epigenetic alterations also result in pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic changes that influence the antipsychotic action of the medication (Nguyen et al., 2020). Epigenetic changes also cause an increase in side effects and altered efficacy of antipsychotics due to histone modifications. Awareness of these changes would inform the prescription decision, especially for the antipsychotics to ensure minimal side effects and maximum efficacy of the selected medication (Camprodon & Roffman, 2016).

References

Alexander, S., Mathie, A., Peters, J. A., Veale, E. L., Striessnig, J., Kelly, E., Armstrong, J. F., Faccenda, E., Harding, S. D., Pawson, A. J., Sharman, J. L., Southan, C., Davies, J. A., & CGTP Collaborators (2019). The Concise Guide to Pharmacology 2019/20: Ion channels. British journal of pharmacology, 176 Suppl 1(Suppl 1), S142–S228. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.14749

Camprodon, J. A., & Roffman, J. L. (2016). Psychiatric neuroscience: Incorporating pathophysiology into clinical case formulation. In T. A. Stern, M. Favo, T. E. Wilens, & J. F. Rosenbaum. (Eds.), Massachusetts General Hospital psychopharmacology and neurotherapeutics (pp. 1–19). Elsevier. 

Guidelines on prescribing practice in mental health: A systematic review. Psychiatry Research, 284. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112671

McClarty, B. M., Fisher, D. W., & Dong, H. (2018). Epigenetic Alterations Impact on Antipsychotic Treatment in Elderly Patients. Current treatment options in psychiatry, 5(1), 17–29.

Nguyen, T., Seiler, N., Brown, E., & O’Donoghue, B. (2020). The effect of Clinical Practice

Rosenthal, L. D., & Burchum, J. R. (2018). Lehne’s pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice providers. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.

Seyedabadi, M., Ghahremani, M. H., & Albert, P. R. (2019). Biased signaling of G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs): Molecular determinants of GPCR/transducer selectivity and therapeutic potential. Pharmacology & therapeutics, 200, 148–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.05.006

2 SOURCES ON EACH DISCUSSION

Walmart International Expansion Recommendation

/in /by

  Prior to beginning work on this assignment,

In prior weeks, you learned about finance and financial analysis. This week you will put it all together. Using the Walmart Case Study and your selected country New Zealand, you will complete a comprehensive recommendation to Walmart executives either recommending or forgoing expansion into your selected country.

In your paper,

  • Summarize the culture and financial climate of and why it would be favorable or unfavorable for Walmart to expand in that region.
  • Describe foreign exchange rates and how those rates could impact Walmart’s future financial performance. Be sure to address:
    • interest rates,
    • balance of payments,
    • government policies, and
    • other factors such as taxes and tariffs.
  • Describe how Walmart needs to manage foreign exchange risk.
  • Analyze any potential political risk and its impact to the financials.
  • Propose how Walmart should fund this new expansion.

Walmart International Expansion Recommendation

  • Must be 10 to 12 double-spaced pages in length (not including title and references pages) and formatted according to APA Style 
  • Must include a separate title page with the following:
    • Title of paper
    • Student’s name
    • Course name and number
    • Instructor’s name
    • Date submitted
  • Must utilize academic voice. 
  • Must include an introduction and conclusion paragraph. Your introduction paragraph needs to end with a clear thesis statement that indicates the purpose of your paper.
  • Must use at least three scholarly, peer-reviewed, or credible sources in addition to the course text
  • Must document any information used from sources in APA Style 
  • Must include a separate references page that is formatted according to APA Style

Discuss ineffective classroom discipline you might have experience from the past. Why was it ineffective, what could have you done differently??

/in /by

 

After learning about classroom management last week, you should have gathered that classroom discipline plays a large role in creating a positive and managed learning environment. There are three main categories of discipline: low-control (also known as The Guiding Model), medium-control (also known as the Interacting Model), and high-control (also known as the Intervening Model).

The low teacher control model/guiding model is characterized by empowering students to manage their own behaviors while the teacher takes a backseat. Teachers who utilize this model focus on being caring and supportive listeners in order to help students make their own decisions. This model is a good choice for teachers who believe in the importance of student independence and a humanistic approach.

Here are some of the major theorists/models of low control discipline:

  • Haim Grinott/Congruent Communication
  • Thomas Gordon/Teacher Effectiveness Training
  • Jim Fay & David Funk/Teaching with Love and Logic
  • Barbara Coloroso/Inner Discipline
  • Alfie Kohn/From Discipline to Community

 The medium teacher control model/interacting model is rooted in the belief that there is a shared responsibility (between student and teacher) for student behavior and that discipline should be an avenue for students’ self-improvement. Teachers who utilize this model use contracts and counseling in order to provide a middle ground of control between students and the teacher. This model is a good choice for teachers who believe in the importance of problem-solving and developmental psychology.

Here are some of the major theorists/models of medium control discipline:

  • Rudolf Dreikurs/Logical Consequences
  • Linda Albert/Cooperative Discipline
  • Jane Nelsen/Positive Classroom Discipline
  • William Glasser/Control Theory
  • Richard Curwin, Allen Mendler, & Brian Mendler/Discipline with Dignity
  • Spencer Kagan/Win-Win Discipline

The high teacher control model/intervening model is rooted in the belief that students need teacher assistance in order to grow and improve. Teachers who utilize this model use rules, rewards, and consequences model in order to have the most control possible over the classroom environment. This model is a good choice for teachers who believe in the importance of behaviorism and behavior modification.

Here are some of the major theorists/models of high control discipline:

  • B.F. Skinner/Behavior Modification
  • Lee Canter & Marlene Canter/Assertive Discipline
  • Frederic Jones/Positive Discipline
  • Marvin Marshall/Discipline without Stress

As a teacher, you must consider all aspects of the theories, and your own personality in order to develop a discipline plan/model that works for you. When you choose a model of discipline, you are choosing a method for controlling your classroom and dealing with student behavior. You may stick to one model or decide to pick and choose from multiple theories. Your choice of discipline model will have a lot to do with how much control you want to have over your students and what your student behavior goals are. Regardless of the one you choose, following a discipline model provides stability and coherence for students.