PLEASE FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS BELOW AS INDICATED:

1). ZERO (0) PLAGIARISM

2). 5 REFERENCES LESS THAN 5 YEARS, OR NO MORE THAN 5 YEARS

3) PLEASE SEE ATTACHED RUBRIC DERAILS AND FOLLOW THE APA  WRITING STYLE/FORMAT

4) PLEASE READ THE INSTRUCTION WELL AS DIRECTED BY THE INSTRUCTOR BELOW.

An understanding of the factors surrounding women’s and men’s health, infections, and hematologic disorders can be critically important to disease diagnosis and treatment in these areas. This importance is magnified by the fact that some diseases and disorders manifest differently based on the sex of the patient. 

Effective disease analysis often requires an understanding that goes beyond the human systems involved. The impact of patient characteristics, as well as racial and ethnic variables, can also have an important impact.

 An understanding of the symptoms of alterations in systems based on these characteristics is a critical step in diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. For APRNs, this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans.

In this Assignment, you examine a case study and analyze the symptoms presented. You identify the elements that may be factors in the diagnosis, and you explain the implications to patient health. 

Assignment (1- to 2-page case study analysis)

In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following as it applies to the scenario you were provided (not all may apply to each scenario):

• The factors that affect fertility (STDs).
• Why inflammatory markers rise in STD/PID.
• Why prostatitis and infection happens. Also explain the causes of systemic reaction.
• Why a patient would need a splenectomy after a diagnosis of ITP.
• Anemia and the different kinds of anemia (i.e., micro and macrocytic).

To prepare:

Scenario 1: A 32-year-old female presents to the ED with a chief complaint of fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, and vaginal discharge. She states these symptoms started about 3 days ago, but she thought she had the flu. She has begun to have LLQ pain and notes bilateral lower back pain. She denies dysuria, foul-smelling urine, or frequency. States she is married and has sexual intercourse with her husband. PMH negative.

Labs: CBC-WBC 18, Hgb 16, Hct 44, Plat 325, ­ Neuts & Lymphs, sed rate 46 mm/hr, C-reactive protein 67 mg/L CMP wnl

Vital signs T 103.2 F Pulse 120 Resp 22 and PaO2

99% on room air. Cardio-respiratory exam WNL with the exception of tachycardia but no murmurs, rubs, clicks, or gallops. Abdominal exam + for LLQ pain on deep palpation but no rebound or rigidity. Pelvic exam demonstrates copious foul-smelling green drainage with reddened cervix and + bilateral adenexal tenderness. + chandelier sign. Wet prep in ER + clue cells and gram stain in ER + gram negative diplococci.

 The week 10 case study contains several questions, and not all questions will apply to your assigned case study. I have copied the questions below that do apply that you are to address in your paper.  I changed the last question here to  STD/PID to better help you provide important information in this case.

• The factors that affect fertility (STDs).
• Why inflammatory markers rise in STD/PID.
• Why STDs/PID infection happens. Also  explain the patho that produces the case study patient’s symptoms.

Additionally, I have provided a link to an emedicine article in the contact the instructor section yesterday that should be helpful. 

Also be sure to clean up your APA format. I provided you a sample APA paper a few weeks ago. Please review it. I will be taking maximum points off for APA and poorly organized papers. I have provided ample guidance in this area and some of you have not followed my comments in your paper and the additional help from my posts. Professional writing is part of obtaining an advanced degree and I want to be sure you improve in this area.

respond to their response

 

In this week’s chapters and readings, I learned more about the different types of regulatory actions, mainly mandates or “direct orders” from the federal government stuck out to me as being the most controversial for some states.  Some examples of well-known mandates include:  The Clean Water Act, American with Disabilities’ Act, and the Family and Medical Leave Act.  Mandates essentially are federal action upon the states, and they can be unfunded or funded by the federal government. They usually are created when state and local officials need help in addressing issues that state governments are either refusing to address or do not want assistance from the federal government with.  I see mandates as a step into solving many problem areas in our states, but I am happy to learn that they are policed as well.  With the creation of the U.S. Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations and the passing of the Mandates Reform Act of 1995, we can see that the federal government is required to define all costs and consequences of each mandate but does not stop them from making more, it just provides for a checks and balance system. 

Secondly, when looking at the problem areas in federalism and state governments, one major problem I see are the various gun laws that differ from state to state.  There needs to be more similarities in these gun laws because right now, some states such as California have some of the strictest gun laws and others states like Missouri carry the weakest gun laws.  This is significant when you look at the state’s rankings in gun related crimes. California has the seventh lowest rate of gun related deaths while Missouri and its notably weak gun laws along with a historic year in 2020 as having the third highest per capita rate of gun deaths in the United States.

In looking at these statistics on the rise of gun related crimes in certain states while others are seeing a decrease; one thing rings clear.  States need reform to their current gun laws, and I do believe the federal government should step in and create a new mandate that all states must follow in relation to gun control and laws.  That of course is easier said then done because there is a lot of pushback from various groups that want less mandates about their right to carry and purchase guns.  It is a hot button issue in this country, and I hope in my lifetime we will see some positive changes that everyone can be in agreeance with.

Works Cited:

Stephens, G. R., & Wikstrom, N. (2007). American intergovernmental relations: A fragmented federal polity. New York: Oxford University Press.

https://www.kansascity.com/news/state/missouri/gun-violence-missouri/article248131395.html

PLEASE FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS AS INDICATED BELOW:

1). ZERO (0) PLAGIARISM

2). ATLEAST 5 REFERENCES, NO MORE THAN 5 YEARS

3).  PLEASE SEE THE FOLLOWING ATTACHMENT FOR RUBRIC DETAILS.

Please carefully review the grading rubric, especially the first column that says, “Excellent”, and please include each component in the assignment requirements.

4). Please Include Introduction, purpose statement, conclusion, and reference page, (APA formatting)

Changes in culture and technology have resulted in patient populations that are often well informed and educated, even before consulting or considering a healthcare need delivered by a health professional. Fueled by this, health professionals are increasingly involving patients in treatment decisions. However, this often comes with challenges, as illnesses and treatments can become complex.

What has your experience been with patient involvement in treatment or healthcare decisions?

In this Discussion, you will share your experiences and consider the impact of patient involvement (or lack of involvement). You will also consider the use of a patient decision aid to inform best practices for patient care and healthcare decision making.

To Prepare:

• Review the Resources and reflect on a time when you experienced a patient being brought into (or not being brought into) a decision regarding their treatment plan.
• Review the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute’s Decision Aids Inventory at https://decisionaid.ohri.ca/.
  • Choose “For Specific Conditions,” then Browse an alphabetical listing of decision aids by health topic.
• NOTE: To ensure compliance with HIPAA rules, please DO NOT use the patient’s real name or any information that might identify the patient or organization/practice.

Post a brief description of the situation you experienced and explain how incorporating or not incorporating patient preferences and values impacted the outcome of their treatment plan. Be specific and provide examples. Then, explain how including patient preferences and values might impact the trajectory of the situation and how these were reflected in the treatment plan. Finally, explain the value of the patient decision aid you selected and how it might contribute to effective decision making, both in general and in the experience you described. Describe how you might use this decision aid inventory in your professional practice or personal life.

You will be required to produce a case study on a well-known and significant cyber-crime. You may chooses your own case or choose from the list below.

List of Criminals.

John Draper

Vladimir Levin

Kevin Mitnick

Kevin Poulsen

Gary McKinnon

You will be required to present a case study on the individual and their computer-based crime. The case study will be a minimum of 5-6 pages (1500-word count minimum) of your own work product.  Cover pages, citations and work cited pages will not be counted towards the minimums.

Each case study must provide a thorough examination of the criminal and the technical and practical aspects of the crime. The work must include but not be limited to the following questions:

Provide the background of the cybercriminal?

Detail the nature and extent of their crime?

What was the method of attack? (what vulnerability was exploited? etc.). 

What tools were used in the attack. (specific virus, etc.)

What was the loss?

What was the outcome of the crime?

What countermeasures were put in place as a result of this crime?

How do you feel about the response to this crime and do you believe that it was fairly and effectively dealt with?

What is the status of the cybercriminal today?

You must describe in detail and properly support and cite all of the information relating to each question.

ASSIGNMENT REQUIREMENTS

You are required to read and utilize the E-Text and any reliable sources to provide information to support your written work. 

To facilitate this, you are required to only use the E-Text course Required Resources or sources available through theBerkeley College Library (See Links). 

You are required to properly cite all work in APA and must have a minimum of 3 primary sources and the E-Text.  The Berkeley College Library provides great resources on how to do this (See Links). 

The paper shall be a minimum of 5-6 full pages ( a minimum of 1500 words) of your own work, not counting the cover page, works cited page, etc.

Any quoted material that exceeds 10% of the entire document will not be counted towards word or page counts.

For each half page short of this requirement 5 points shall be deducted from the overall paper grade. 

The intent of the assignment is not to simply provide a short answer for these questions but to provide full details with support. 

The assignment is due 

This assignment  should be completed in 3 parts: 

1. Research

2.Writing the paper 

1. Editing the paper.

Each part should be afforded sufficient time to complete the task. 

It is recommended that at least 3 hours be spent on each. 

Any indications of significant cutting and pasting without full APA citation will result in a 0 being awarded for the grade and potential referral to the academic integrity database for investigation.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) was associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates due to liver complications. Acute HCV was usually monitored for six months and not treated. HCV‐infected subjects were unaware of their infection, which placed them at risk for transmission and disease progression. Common signs and symptoms of acute infection included fever, fatigue, dark-colored urine, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea with white-colored stool, abdominal pain, yellowing of skin, depression and anxiety. HCV have been directly related to conditions such as cirrhosis, thyroid, hepatocellular carcinoma, auto-immune rheumatic and glomerulonephritis. Active infection of HCV showed a strong relationship and risk factor for ischemic cerebrovascular accidents, ischemic heart disease, higher rates of diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance (Cacoub et al., 2017). 

Until 2011, the only available treatment for HCV was a combination of pegylated interferon and ribavirin, however the virologic response was 50%. In 2011, protease inhibitors combination were more effective with a virologic response of 75-85 % but with high toxicity and poor safety profile. Interferon alpha was the cornerstone of antiviral combinations in HCV infected patients.  Virologic response rate of interferon treatment was 90-100% with a high tolerability, however these agents were limited if having late-stage disease (Nuno et al, 2016). Some examples of HCV pharmacological options were Mavyret, which was effective at clearing all six hepatitis C genotypes in as little of eight weeks. Another medication for HCV was Vosevi, which treated any genotype of the hepatitis C virus and for previously treated individuals that did not achieve viral clearance. If left untreated and the liver was so damaged then treatment included surgical, symptomatic management and possibly a liver transplant (Grover & Erlich, 2018).

The goal of treatment was to achieve a sustained virologic response which represented undetectable levels and was considered a virologic cure. The direct acting new generation antivirals had the ability to clear HCV infection by 95% within three months (Nuno et al, 2016). A strategic plan needed to be defined to target stakeholders involved with HCV care. More attention was needed on subpopulations such as injection drug users, prisoners and migrants from high endemic countries. Focus should be on awareness, prevention, testing, access to medications and care, monitoring and evaluation in order to achieve elimination (Kracht et al., 2018).

Cacoub, P., Comarmond, C., Desbois, A. C., & Saadoun, D. (2017). Rheumatologic manifestations of hepatitis C virus infection. Clinics in Liver Disease, 21(3), 455.

Grover, A., & Erlich, D. R. (2018). STEPS: Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir (mavyret) for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. American Family Physician, 98(10), 601.

Kracht, P. A. M., Arends, J. E., van Erpecum, K. J., Urbanus, A., Willemse, J. A., Hoepelman, A. I. M., & Croes, E. A. (2018). Strategies for achieving viral hepatitis C micro-elimination in the netherlands. Hepatology, Medicine and Policy, 3(1), 12-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41124-018-0040-9

Nuño Solinís, R., Arratibel Ugarte, P., Rojo, A., & Sanchez Gonzalez, Y. (2016). Value of treating all stages of chronic hepatitis C: A comprehensive review of clinical and economic evidence. Infectious Diseases and Therapy, 5(4), 491-508. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-016-0134-x