Final Research Project and Final Presentation Elements

Prepare the case brief, and the respective write up pertaining to your role (Lawyers for the Plaintiff Rambo). All written materials submitted in this class need to follow 7th Edition APA style. Times New Roman font, 12, Margins of 1 all around. The written portion of the project needs to be a minimum of 10 pages. 

Grading for written portion and presentation would use below Rubric template and would be graded separately.

Mock Trial

MOCK TRIAL FACTS – JET SKI ACCIDENT

This jet ski case is not based upon an actual incident, but is a composite of several cases.

Date of Accident: August 18, 2008

Place of Accident: Atlantic Ocean off Miami Beach, Florida

Injured jet ski rider: Rick Rambo , then 15 years old

Time of accident: Jet ski left beach at approximately 1:00 pm

Description of Accident:

                The father of Rick Rambo rented a jet ski for Rick on the beach behind the Sandy Hotel on Miami Beach.   Rick’s father paid for the jet ski rental and signed the rental agreement, including a release of liability. No instruction was given to Rick by the jet ski renter because Rick told them he was experienced in jet ski operation. There was no communication radio and no rescue flares aboard the jet ski.

                Rick took the jet ski through the surf until he was in ocean waves. After some wave jumping, the jet ski stopped and Rick could not get it started again. The jet ski floated north in the Gulf Stream current until Rick was rescued by a passing ship after 50 hours at sea. Rick had injuries from sunburn, jellyfish stings, dehydration and emotional distress. He had been frightened by sharks which he saw in the water around him (some of whom looked like his past law professor). He had hallucinations during his ordeal. He gave up his plans to be a professional boat captain.

 The Rambo family was staying at the Sandy Hotel as registered guests. The hotel featured photos of jet skiing on its website, on posters in the lobby and in the in-room activities book. Rick had convinced has family to find a hotel with jet skiing, so they booked through Hip Hop Travel Agency (HHTA), which recommended the Sandy Hotel for the Rambo family.

The jet skis were rented by an independent concession called Jet Skis R Us (JSRU), which was located on the beach owned by the Sandy Hotel. JSRU paid the hotel a rental fee for the beach concession, which included a percentage of the revenues from jet ski rentals. When asked about jet skiing, the hotel employees would direct hotel guests to JSRU. There were three prior incidents of JSRU jet ski renters who had to be rescued when their jet skis failed at sea.

Legal Issues:

 Rick Rambo (through his father) has brought a law suit against:

1. Jet       Skis R Us for breach of contract in failing to provide a safe jet ski and negligence in maintenance of the jet ski, inadequate advice for safe operation and failing to rescue a lost renter;
2. Sandy Hotel for breach of contract which has an implied warranty of safekeeping for its guests and for negligence in supervision of operation of the jet ski concession;
3. Hip Hop Travel Agency for breach of contract and negligence in failing to adequately investigate the safety of the hotel and JSRU operations.

 The student lawyers for the Plaintiff Rambo shall each argue all of the above issues.   

Each lawyer will have a maximum 10 minutes for presentation, then cross-examination by the judge, jury and opposing lawyers after all arguments have been presented.

 The lawyers may presume facts pertinent for their arguments, such as the actions taken (or not) by the hotel to supervise JSRU, actions taken by Hip Hop to investigate the hotel and JSRU, and the contracts between the hotel and JSRU and between the hotel and Hip Hop. The facts presented by the Plaintiffs and Defendants may vary, since in real courtrooms there are often inconsistent facts presented by witnesses and evidence.

 You want to present facts, then argue the law as applied to those facts, to prove your case. Videos and visual objects may be used to help present arguments. Written case brief is required that would focus on either Plaintiff or Defendants side depending on which legal side you are assigned to represent.

 child psychology 

For this assignment, you will reflect upon how childhood psychosocial development is portrayed in film. You can choose to watch one of the following suggested films, or you are welcome to choose a different film (check with me before choosing one that is not on this list):

• Little Giants (1994)
• To Kill a Mockingbird (1962)
• E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial (1982)
• Stand By Me (1986)
• The Sandlot (1993)
• Bridge to Terabithia (2007)
• The Good Son (1993)
• Lord of the Flies (1963 or 1990)
• My Girl (1991)
• Billy Elliot (2000)
• Akeelah and the Bee (2006)

Take notes while watching the movie. Look for themes that were discussed in this module, such as emotional intelligence, gender stereotypes, personality development, temperament, gender roles, and self-esteem.

Select two themes that were present in the movie, and select two scenes from the movie that best portray those themes. Write a 2-3 page paper that addresses the following:

• Paragraph 1: Give the title of the film and a brief synposis
• Paragraph 2: Explain Theme 1, explaining in your own words as well as referencing the course material and/or outside sources.
• Paragraph 3: Describe Scene 1 and explain how it portrays Theme 1
• Paragraph 4: Explain Theme 2, explaining in your own words as well as referencing the course material and/or outside sources.
• Paragraph 5: Describe Scene 2 and explain how it portrays Theme 2
• Paragraph 6: Summarize your paper
• Include a reference page and appropriate in-text citations for all sources used.

Paper on (5g Technology)-> topic 

Paper should include these points

1) Describe the product/service in detail and the ethical challenges.- how it evolve, what is it? how it works, why there are ethical issues and challenges. 

 2) Draw support from the references.  

 3) Include Four or more references.  

Follow these instruction carefully.

This paper needs to be at least 5 pages (excluding title page, references), single-spaced, single-column, and 11pt Times Roman font. Each page has a 1-inch margin on all sides. The first line of each paragraph must indent by 0.25in. 

A small example will look like this 

Our group has decided to research and tackle on the topic 5G wireless technology. Every new generation of wireless network delivers faster speed and more functionality to our smartphones. The 1G introduced us to the first cell phones, 2G introduced us texting, 3G brought us online, and 4G is delivering the speeds that everybody enjoying today. This was a small history of mobile network and how it is growing in the time. 5G network or the fifth generation of wireless technology that promises to more than just a faster network and is now available nationwide in US. 5G is the combination of five new different technology millimeter waves, small cell, massive MIMO, Beamforming, Full Duplex to connect everything and everyone with high performance speed. It is stated that the capacity of 5G network is to provide data transfer rates faster than a blink of an eye. This a great technology that is helping us to connect with our family and friends from anywhere without a wired connected. But there are also many ethical issues that 5G has faced during the invention and still facing it. One of the biggest reasons 5G is on the controversial news is because of the health risk from its wireless radiation. There are many articles debating how 5g will affect not only humans but also animals. Once 5g is everywhere and connected to everything it will be easy hackers to invade your privacy. For every 5g equipped thing there is chance of losing user personal information.

The team will attempt to contact one another and agree to meet at a local gallery at an agreed time and place. If it is not possible for all team members to meet at the designated time and place, it becomes the responsibility of the individual student to visit the selected gallery on their own and to communicate information from their visit to the other Team Members. After the gallery visit, each Team Member is required to post images of their selected work, as well as related information such as artist, title, medium etc., in the File Exchange area within the Group Tools. This will enable all members to select a work of art from the group for use as comparison to their chosen work. 

Each Team Member will submit a PowerPoint presentation, minimum of 5 slides/maximum of 10 slides.

This will include three levels of discussion of each piece: Description, Analysis and Interpretation. The team will utilize the Visual Elements and Principles of Design, and process in the creation of this work of art following the specifications given in the rubric.

The PowerPoint will conclude with a comparison between your chosen work and one art object submitted by another team member.

Description 30 % of points earned________

Write the name of the art work being discussed, the artist’s name, the date, time, name of museum, size, description of the piece or composition, and the location. In the description, create a visual image with words.

Analysis 40 % of points earned________

Based on the description provided in the introduction,

analyze the artist’s intent or message within the work of art. Provide notated research (inquiry) to further interpret the background of the artist and the era in which it was created. The innovation and expression of ideas of the artist should be better understood through this research. Discuss the Visual Elements and Principles of Design. Which Visual Elements and Principles of Design are present in this work of art and give examples.

Interpretation of the art object 30% earned ________

Discuss the content of the piece. Why was it created? Does it have a narrative or discuss social issues? What emotional feeling is present? Summarize your reaction to this art object.

PROVIDE EVIDENCE OF YOUR ATTENDANCE AT THIS GALLERY. ATTACH OF PHOTO OF YOUR TEAM IN FRONT OF THE WORK OF ART IN THE GALLERY. IF YOU CANNOT MEET AS A TEAM, SUBMIT A PHOTO OF EACH MEMBER IN FRONT THE THE ART IN THE GALLERY. IF A PHOTO IS NOT ALLOWED, YOU WILL NEED TO FIND A GALLERY THAT WILL ALLOW A PHOTO.

Look for these VISUAL ELEMENTS:

visual tools an artist has to make a work of art

1. Line: Lines can show outline, imply a third dimension, show direction or movement

2. Shape and Mass: Shape refers to 2 dimensions, for instance, a square. Mass refers to 3 dimensions, for instance, a cube.

3. Light: Light reveals form. Where is the light source? What is the range of values, from light to dark, in the art you are reviewing?

4. Color: How does the artist use color in the art object you are reviewing? Is it the primary colors only? Is it emotionally soothing or jarring?

5. Texture and pattern: Does the art object you are viewing have actual texture, could you feel it? Or does it have implied texture, suggesting that it is smooth or rough? Does it have an overall pattern on the surface?

6. Space: If your object is architectural or sculptural, it will have 3 dimensional space. Try to describe the space. If your object is two dimensional, how does the artist imply space, for example, through linear perspective, overlapping of objects, smaller or larger objects, or atmospheric perspective?

7. Time and motion: Does the art object imply time, for instance, a sunset, or motion, for instance, a sculpture that moves?

Look for these PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN:

the organization of the composition or design of the art work

1. Unity and Variety: Unity is a sense of oneness in the art. Variety maintains interest in art

2. Balance: Symmetrical balance occurs when both sides of the art object are similar in size or shape. Asymmetrical balance occurs when the two sides are quite different in the appearance of the objects in the art.

3. Emphasis and Subordination: How does the artist draw your eye to the center of attention of the art object? How does the artist make the rest of the painting subordinate to the center of interest?

4. Scale and Proportion: Scale means size in relation to a standard or “normal” size. Proportion refers to size relationships between parts of a whole, or between two or more items perceived as a unit. Sometimes these are deliberately incorrect, as in Hierarchal Scale in the art of antiquity.

5. Rhythm or repetition: The repeated use of a color, shape or line to create expression

POST 1

JACQUELINE

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus presents a significant morbidity and mortality burden in the United States and African Americans (AA) experience a disproportionate burden of the disease. However, few studies have studied the effectiveness of a culturally tailored diabetes Self-Management education intervention. Low adherence rates are problematic in the AA population, and there is a gap in knowledge on how best to educate this population to help mitigate the effects of Type 2 Diabetes.        

The target population most appropriate for this research study is the Adult African American diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes. So what is the impact of Culturally focused Diabetes Self-Management Education on Health Outcomes in the African American Type 2 diabetic? 

The study’s purpose is to explore the effect of a culturally tailored DSME intervention on self-efficacy and diabetes-related outcomes among African Americans.

What are the challenges of obtaining a sample from this population? How could you address those challenges?

According to Grove (2017), sampling involves selecting a group of people, events, behaviors, or other elements to conduct a study. There are significant challenges in obtaining a sample from the adult diabetic population, especially with COVID-19 precautions. Many patients at our local primary care facilities are using Telemedicine access for visits during the pandemic, so there are fewer opportunities to approach participants regarding interest in taking part in a research study, 

Also, another challenge is that face-to-face interviews cannot currently be conducted efficiently, and participants may shy away from this method. Overcoming some of the difficulties could include telephone interviews, video interviews, telephone surveys, seeking provider input on possible participants, and using online surveys to collect data. 

What approach would you use to collect data from the sample? Provide a rationale for the approach you choose based on this week’s Learning Resources.

Data collection tools are “procedures or instruments used to guide the collection of data in a standardized fashion” (Polit & Beck, 2010, p. 716). To complete this study, we will use a pre-, and post-tests (questionnaires) research design; baseline and post-test assessments will be completed, with a convenience sample of Type 2 Adult African American diabetic participants. In the convenience sampling method, subjects are included in the study because they happen to be in the right place at the right time. Available subjects are entered into the study until the desired sample size is reached. 

A quantitative methodology, which focuses on data collection, will be used to complete the research study. Quantitative research is ‘Explaining phenomena by collecting numerical data analyzed using mathematically based methods, particularly statistics’ (Aliaga & Gunderson,2000 ).

This researcher will use Data collected from the pre-and post-education questionnaires to determine the effectiveness of a culturally focused diabetes self-management education on diabetes knowledge and self-efficacy, self-management changes such as blood glucose self-monitoring improved hemoglobin A1C. 

Similarly, Face-to-Face interviews or phone interviews to collect data may be used; however, most people are more truthful while responding to questionnaires because their responses are anonymous. Additionally, questionnaires can simplify and quantify a person’s behaviors, knowledge base, and attitudes. 

PICOT Question :

In African Americans with Type 2 Diabetes, does a culturally tailored diabetes education, including patient-specific dietary and lifestyle modifications, reduce A1c levels, improve self-efficacy and self-management  after six months versus a control group of African Americans? 

Reference:

 Aliaga, M., & Gunderson, B. (2000). Introduction to Quantitative research. Doing Quantitative

 

 Research in Education with SPSS. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1-11.

Grove, S.K. (2017). ‘Sampling,’ in Gray, J.R., Gove, S.K. & Sutherland, S. (8th ed.) Burns and 

Grove’s the practice of nursing research: Appraisal, synthesis, and generation of 

Evidence. St. Louis, MO. Saunders Elsevier. pp. 329- 362.

Polit, D. F., & Beck, C.T. (2010). Nursing research: Principles and methods (8th ed.).

 Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: Wolters Kluwer Company.

POST 2

JELDA

The sampling component is an important part of the research process that needs to be carefully thought out and clearly described (Grove, 2017). It involves selecting a group of people, events, behaviors, or other elements with which to conduct a study (Grove, 2017). With regard to my research problem of hand hygiene, some researchable populations would be NICU nursing staff and department/unit physicians. The most appropriate of the two for my research study would be NICU nursing staff due to them being the more accessible population. Meaning I have the most reasonable access to them. 

Sample Challenges

One of the challenges of obtaining a sample from the NICU nursing staff is the size of the  research team. According to (Gray, 2017), the larger, more complex the study, the less likely it is that the study will be implemented by one person. To address this issue, I could add a few people to create a small research team for the study. Another challenge would be time factors as different NICU nursing staff work on different shifts. Per (Gray, 2017), The number of days, weeks, or months required in order to obtain enough subjects for the research is a more difficult prediction, because unforeseen circumstances may make things like securing access to subjects, obtaining consent, and collecting data more of an extended process that originally envisioned. To address this issue, I would utilize the additional research team members to assist with covering the various staff on different shifts and/or provide an online option for the study.

Data Collection

A considered data collection approach I would take is via the online method. Online services can be easy to use for both the researcher and study participants (Gray, 2017). Computer software packages developed by a variety of companies enable researchers to provide instruments and other data collection forms online to potential subjects. Online survey software makes it easy to download data directly into computer packages and greatly reduces the potential for data entry mistakes which is certainly an advantage (Handscomb & al, 2016).

References

Gray, J. R. (2017). Collecting and managing data. In J. R. Gray, & e. al, Burns and Grove’s the practice of nursing research: Appraisal, synthesis, and generation of evidence (8th ed.) (pp. 493-518). St. Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier.

Grove, S. K. (2017). Sampling. In J. R. Gray, & e. al, Burns and Grove’s the practice of nursing research: Appraisal, synthesis, and generation of evidence (8th ed.) (pp. 329-362). St. Louis, MO: Saunders Elsevier.

Handscomb, L., & al, e. (2016). Online data collection to evaluate a theoretical cognitive model of tinnitus. American Journal of Audiology, 25(3S), 313-317.

POST 3

LOLADE

 Evaluate the challenges that health care organizations may face when sharing data across systems

            The need for sharing of information across health departments is important in enabling quality improvement initiatives in a health organization. However, health organizations experience a number of challenges in sharing data across systems. One of the challenges is the lack of a consistent approach to identifying patients across the different systems of health. The sharing of information requires the use of patient information for identification purposes. Health organizations face the challenge of adopting a uniform approach to patient identification that will minimize violation of privacy and confidentiality of the patients’ data. As a result, the lack of consistent approach to patient identification across systems makes it difficult to share information across systems. The other challenge is the lack of interoperability in the health information systems used in different organizations. The lack of interoperability implies that health organizations have to manipulate the data prior to sharing among them (Stegemann & Gersch, 2019). The consequences include the loss of data meaning and integrity, which affect the coordination efforts between organizations.

Using your professional experience and/or information gathered through research, provide at least two specific examples of interoperability challenges

            Interoperability challenges affect the sharing of information across healthcare systems. One of the interoperability challenges that I have experienced in my practice is financial barriers. Health organizations have to incur significant costs in acquiring new systems and training its staffs to acquire the skills needed in addressing interoperability challenges. The second challenge is the lack of trust. Sharing patient information predisposes the patient and organizational data to loss (Oyeyemi & Scott, 2018). Consequently, health organizations do not show the needed dedication to addressing the challenges due to the ethics and legal implications of data sharing.

                            Propose at least two strategies an health care organization might implement to address interoperability challenges

            One of the strategies that healthcare organizations may implement to address interoperability challenges is the use of national patient identifiers. The use of national patient identifiers will improve the consistent reporting and sharing of patient information by healthcare organizations. The second solution is the development and use of consistent standards of information sharing (Oyeyemi & Scott, 2018). An example is the adherence to the legal and ethical provisions of legislations such as HIPAA. 

References

Oyeyemi, A., & Scott, P. (2018). Interoperability in health and social care: Organisational issues are the biggest challenge. BMJ Health & Care Informatics, 25(3), 196–197. https://doi.org/10.14236/jhi.v25i3.1024

Stegemann, L., & Gersch, M. (2019). Interoperability – Technical or economic challenge? It – Information Technology, 61(5–6), 243–252. https://doi.org/10.1515/itit-2019-0027

POST 4

RUTH

Week 3 Discussion: Controlled Terminology and Standards   

March 15, 2021

Ruth Novack

Current Challenges Sharing Data Across Systems

            Patients seek care in multiple healthcare outlets. An individual may have a primary physician they see in a clinic however, if that patient is admitted to the hospital that specific primary may not have privileges lending to the necessity of shared data. Interoperability of these systems allows the uninterrupted and safe care for the patient. Computers work through numerical coding and software such as the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terminology (SNOMED CT)  and Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) that allow the recognition of phrasing and coding to interact with the electronic health record (EHR) (Truran D et al., 2010). Challenges come into play when organizations do not select standardized vocabulary sets or phrases. Standardizing vocabulary lends to more robust data storage and mining when extracting knowledge. The American Nurses Association (ANA)  (2018) supports the use of recognized terminologies and has developed position statements based on their use in the EHR.   

Two Examples of Interoperability Challenges

 My organization utilizes Radiant, EPIC, and CUPID. Although these patients are receiving care in one organization these separate entities do not flow to each other creating the need for separate platforms. With these separate platforms, two charts must be created for one surgical encounter. One is created for the surgical services department and the other appointment is order-driven to radiology (Radiant). This has created multiple discrepancies in the documentation. The providers are working in the appointment chart that is radiant however, nurses are documenting in the EPIC EHR and unable to visualize any orders from the provider. The providers are having to move out of the appointment chart and into the EPIC chart to place orders. 

            Another situation is that nursing units utilize different descriptive terms. This creates difficulty when attempting to promote consistency in patient documentation and billing. When the nursing description does not match the appropriate billing code the disparities may create a chain reaction to deny reimbursement. This situation was created when our patient care center (PCC) took over the procedural sedation of the cardioversion. The cardiologist is working within their system and although the patient was an outpatient they have to log in as an inpatient provider in order to properly place post-procedure orders, after visit summary, and discharge order. The CUPID platform will assist in this migration of data (Change Healthcare Cardiology, n.d.).

Propose Two Strategies to Mitigate Challenges

 CUPID platform will assist in mitigating the challenges now faced for providers and nursing in promoting a more seamless transition for record-keeping. When the appointments are made if they do not attach PCC as an ancillary department the thin log will not populate to the surgical census and therefore only one chart is present to work in. Having the hospital develop a standardized nursing language based on already validated and reliable vocabulary will assist in mitigating loss of revenue with billing mishaps. 

References

ANA. (2018). Inclusion of Recognized Terminologies Supporting Nursing Practice within Electronic Health Records and Other Health Information Technology Solutions—ANA Position Statement. ANA. https://www.nursingworld.org/practice-policy/nursing-excellence/official-position-statements/id/Inclusion-of-Recognized-Terminologies-Supporting-Nursing-Practice-within-Electronic-Health-Records/

Change Healthcare Cardiology. (n.d.). Change Healthcare. Retrieved March 13, 2021, from https://info.changehealthcare.com/cardiology

Truran D, Saad P, Zhang M, & Innes K. (2010). SNOMED CT and its place in health information management practice. Health Information Management Journal, 39(2), 37–39. https://doi.org/10.1177/183335831003900206